Table of contents

1. Matter and Measurements4h 31m
2. Atoms and the Periodic Table5h 23m
3. Ionic Compounds2h 18m
4. Molecular Compounds2h 18m
5. Classification & Balancing of Chemical Reactions3h 17m
6. Chemical Reactions & Quantities2h 27m
7. Energy, Rate and Equilibrium3h 46m
8. Gases, Liquids and Solids3h 25m
9. Solutions4h 10m
10. Acids and Bases3h 29m
11. Nuclear Chemistry56m
BONUS: Lab Techniques and Procedures1h 38m
BONUS: Mathematical Operations and Functions47m
12. Introduction to Organic Chemistry1h 34m
13. Alkenes, Alkynes, and Aromatic Compounds2h 12m
14. Compounds with Oxygen or Sulfur1h 6m
15. Aldehydes and Ketones1h 1m
16. Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives1h 11m
17. Amines39m
18. Amino Acids and Proteins1h 51m
19. Enzymes1h 37m
20. Carbohydrates1h 41m
21. The Generation of Biochemical Energy2h 8m
22. Carbohydrate Metabolism2h 22m
23. Lipids2h 26m
24. Lipid Metabolism1h 45m
25. Protein and Amino Acid Metabolism1h 37m
26. Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis2h 54m

14. Compounds with Oxygen or Sulfur

Alcohol Reactions: Oxidation Reactions

GOB Chemistry

14. Compounds with Oxygen or Sulfur

Alcohol Reactions: Oxidation Reactions

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Problem 40c

Textbook Question

Draw the structures of the aldehydes that might be oxidized to yield the following carboxylic acids:
c. CH₃CH=CHCOOH

Verified step by step guidance

Step 1: Understand the relationship between aldehydes and carboxylic acids. Aldehydes can be oxidized to form carboxylic acids. The oxidation process involves the addition of an oxygen atom to the carbonyl carbon of the aldehyde, converting it into a carboxylic acid group (-COOH).

Step 2: Analyze the given carboxylic acid structure, CH3CH=CHCOOH. This structure contains a carboxylic acid group (-COOH) attached to a chain with a double bond (CH=CH) and a methyl group (CH3).

Step 3: To determine the aldehyde precursor, replace the carboxylic acid group (-COOH) with an aldehyde group (-CHO). This involves removing the hydroxyl group (-OH) from the carboxylic acid and replacing it with a hydrogen atom.

Step 4: Write the structure of the aldehyde. The aldehyde corresponding to CH3CH=CHCOOH will have the structure CH3CH=CHCHO. This structure retains the double bond and methyl group while replacing the carboxylic acid group with an aldehyde group.

Step 5: Verify the structure by considering the oxidation process. Oxidizing CH3CH=CHCHO (the aldehyde) would add an oxygen atom to the carbonyl carbon, converting it into CH3CH=CHCOOH (the carboxylic acid). This confirms the aldehyde structure is correct.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Aldehydes

Aldehydes are organic compounds characterized by the presence of a carbonyl group (C=O) bonded to at least one hydrogen atom. They are typically represented by the general formula RCHO, where R is a hydrocarbon chain. Aldehydes can be oxidized to form carboxylic acids, making them important in organic synthesis and reactions.

Oxidation Reactions

Oxidation reactions involve the loss of electrons or an increase in oxidation state by a molecule, atom, or ion. In the context of aldehydes, oxidation typically converts them into carboxylic acids. Common oxidizing agents include potassium permanganate and chromium trioxide, which facilitate this transformation by adding oxygen or removing hydrogen.

Carboxylic Acids

Carboxylic acids are organic compounds that contain a carboxyl group (-COOH). They are known for their acidic properties and are formed from the oxidation of aldehydes. The structure of carboxylic acids includes a carbon atom double-bonded to an oxygen atom and single-bonded to a hydroxyl group, which contributes to their reactivity and solubility in water.

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