Table of contents

1. Matter and Measurements4h 31m
2. Atoms and the Periodic Table5h 23m
3. Ionic Compounds2h 18m
4. Molecular Compounds2h 18m
5. Classification & Balancing of Chemical Reactions3h 17m
6. Chemical Reactions & Quantities2h 27m
7. Energy, Rate and Equilibrium3h 46m
8. Gases, Liquids and Solids3h 25m
9. Solutions4h 10m
10. Acids and Bases3h 29m
11. Nuclear Chemistry56m
BONUS: Lab Techniques and Procedures1h 38m
BONUS: Mathematical Operations and Functions47m
12. Introduction to Organic Chemistry1h 34m
13. Alkenes, Alkynes, and Aromatic Compounds2h 12m
14. Compounds with Oxygen or Sulfur1h 6m
15. Aldehydes and Ketones1h 1m
16. Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives1h 11m
17. Amines39m
18. Amino Acids and Proteins1h 51m
19. Enzymes1h 37m
20. Carbohydrates1h 41m
21. The Generation of Biochemical Energy2h 8m
22. Carbohydrate Metabolism2h 22m
23. Lipids2h 26m
24. Lipid Metabolism1h 45m
25. Protein and Amino Acid Metabolism1h 37m
26. Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis2h 54m

26. Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis

Intro to Nucleic Acids

GOB Chemistry

26. Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis

Intro to Nucleic Acids

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1:04 minutes

Problem 28

Textbook Question

What is the difference between a gene and a chromosome?

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A gene is a specific sequence of DNA that contains the instructions for making a particular protein or RNA molecule. It is the functional unit of heredity.

A chromosome is a larger structure made of DNA and proteins that organizes and packages genetic material within the nucleus of a cell. Chromosomes contain many genes along their length.

Genes are located on chromosomes, and each chromosome can carry hundreds to thousands of genes depending on its size.

Chromosomes ensure the proper distribution of genetic material during cell division, while genes are responsible for coding the traits and functions of an organism.

In summary, a gene is a smaller, functional unit of DNA, whereas a chromosome is a larger structure that houses and organizes multiple genes.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Gene

A gene is a specific sequence of nucleotides in DNA that encodes instructions for building proteins or RNA molecules. Genes are the fundamental units of heredity and play a crucial role in determining an organism's traits. Each gene can vary in length and can be expressed in different ways, influencing various biological functions.

Chromosome

A chromosome is a long, thread-like structure made of DNA and proteins that contains many genes. Chromosomes are found in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells and are crucial for the organization and regulation of genetic material during cell division. Humans typically have 46 chromosomes, arranged in 23 pairs, which carry the genetic information inherited from both parents.

Relationship between Genes and Chromosomes

Genes and chromosomes are closely related, as genes are located on chromosomes. Each chromosome can contain hundreds to thousands of genes, and the specific arrangement of these genes on chromosomes is essential for proper genetic function and inheritance. Understanding this relationship helps clarify how traits are passed from one generation to the next.

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