Table of contents

1. Matter and Measurements4h 31m
2. Atoms and the Periodic Table5h 23m
3. Ionic Compounds2h 18m
4. Molecular Compounds2h 18m
5. Classification & Balancing of Chemical Reactions3h 17m
6. Chemical Reactions & Quantities2h 27m
7. Energy, Rate and Equilibrium3h 46m
8. Gases, Liquids and Solids3h 25m
9. Solutions4h 10m
10. Acids and Bases3h 29m
11. Nuclear Chemistry56m
BONUS: Lab Techniques and Procedures1h 38m
BONUS: Mathematical Operations and Functions47m
12. Introduction to Organic Chemistry1h 34m
13. Alkenes, Alkynes, and Aromatic Compounds2h 12m
14. Compounds with Oxygen or Sulfur1h 6m
15. Aldehydes and Ketones1h 1m
16. Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives1h 11m
17. Amines39m
18. Amino Acids and Proteins1h 51m
19. Enzymes1h 37m
20. Carbohydrates1h 41m
21. The Generation of Biochemical Energy2h 8m
22. Carbohydrate Metabolism2h 22m
23. Lipids2h 26m
24. Lipid Metabolism1h 45m
25. Protein and Amino Acid Metabolism1h 37m
26. Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis2h 54m

20. Carbohydrates

Enantiomers vs Diastereomers

GOB Chemistry

20. Carbohydrates

Enantiomers vs Diastereomers

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3:24 minutes

Problem 65

Textbook Question

Draw the Fischer projection of the C3 epimer of D-glucose. Compare your structure with those in Table 6.1 and give the name of this compound.

Verified step by step guidance

Understand the concept of epimers: Epimers are stereoisomers that differ in configuration at only one chiral center. In this case, the C3 epimer of D-glucose means the configuration at the third carbon atom will be inverted compared to D-glucose.

Review the Fischer projection of D-glucose: D-glucose is a six-carbon aldose with the following configuration in its Fischer projection: the hydroxyl groups (-OH) on C2, C4, and C5 are on the right side, while the hydroxyl group on C3 is on the left side.

Invert the configuration at C3: To create the C3 epimer, change the position of the hydroxyl group at the third carbon. In the Fischer projection, move the hydroxyl group from the left side to the right side at C3, while keeping the configurations at all other chiral centers unchanged.

Compare the resulting structure with Table 6.1: After modifying the Fischer projection, compare the new structure to the compounds listed in Table 6.1 to identify the name of the C3 epimer of D-glucose.

Name the compound: Based on the comparison, the C3 epimer of D-glucose is identified as D-allose. Ensure the name matches the structure derived from the inversion at C3.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Fischer Projection

The Fischer projection is a two-dimensional representation of a three-dimensional organic molecule, particularly useful for depicting carbohydrates. In this format, the vertical lines represent bonds that are oriented away from the viewer, while horizontal lines represent bonds that are coming towards the viewer. This method simplifies the visualization of stereochemistry, allowing for easy identification of chiral centers and their configurations.

C3 Epimer

C3 epimers are a specific type of diastereomer that differ in configuration at only one chiral center, in this case, the third carbon atom of the sugar molecule. For d-glucose, the C3 epimer is d-mannose, which has a different spatial arrangement of atoms at the third carbon. Understanding epimerization is crucial for distinguishing between similar sugars and their biological roles.

D-Glucose

D-glucose is a simple sugar and an important carbohydrate in biology, serving as a primary energy source for cells. It is a six-carbon aldose with the molecular formula C6H12O6 and exists in various forms, including linear and cyclic structures. Recognizing its structure and derivatives, such as epimers, is essential for understanding carbohydrate chemistry and metabolism.