Table of contents

1. Matter and Measurements4h 31m
2. Atoms and the Periodic Table5h 23m
3. Ionic Compounds2h 18m
4. Molecular Compounds2h 18m
5. Classification & Balancing of Chemical Reactions3h 17m
6. Chemical Reactions & Quantities2h 27m
7. Energy, Rate and Equilibrium3h 46m
8. Gases, Liquids and Solids3h 25m
9. Solutions4h 10m
10. Acids and Bases3h 29m
11. Nuclear Chemistry56m
BONUS: Lab Techniques and Procedures1h 38m
BONUS: Mathematical Operations and Functions47m
12. Introduction to Organic Chemistry1h 34m
13. Alkenes, Alkynes, and Aromatic Compounds2h 12m
14. Compounds with Oxygen or Sulfur1h 6m
15. Aldehydes and Ketones1h 1m
16. Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives1h 11m
17. Amines39m
18. Amino Acids and Proteins1h 51m
19. Enzymes1h 37m
20. Carbohydrates1h 41m
21. The Generation of Biochemical Energy2h 8m
22. Carbohydrate Metabolism2h 22m
23. Lipids2h 26m
24. Lipid Metabolism1h 45m
25. Protein and Amino Acid Metabolism1h 37m
26. Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis2h 54m

14. Compounds with Oxygen or Sulfur

Naming Alcohols

GOB Chemistry

14. Compounds with Oxygen or Sulfur

Naming Alcohols

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Problem 34a

Textbook Question

Draw structures corresponding to the following names:
a. 2,4-Dimethyl-2-heptanol

Verified step by step guidance

Step 1: Understand the name '2,4-Dimethyl-2-heptanol'. The base name 'heptanol' indicates a seven-carbon chain (hept-) with an alcohol group (-ol). The '2-' before 'heptanol' specifies that the alcohol group is attached to the second carbon of the chain.

Step 2: Add the substituents. The '2,4-Dimethyl' part of the name indicates that there are two methyl groups (-CH₃) attached to the main chain. One methyl group is attached to the second carbon, and the other is attached to the fourth carbon.

Step 3: Draw the main chain. Start by sketching a straight chain of seven carbon atoms (C₁ to C₇). Number the carbons from left to right to keep track of the positions.

Step 4: Add the functional group and substituents. Attach an -OH group to the second carbon to represent the alcohol functional group. Then, attach a methyl group (-CH₃) to the second carbon and another methyl group to the fourth carbon.

Step 5: Verify the structure. Ensure that all carbons have four bonds (satisfying the octet rule) and that the structure matches the name '2,4-Dimethyl-2-heptanol'. Double-check the positions of the substituents and the alcohol group.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

IUPAC Nomenclature

IUPAC nomenclature is a systematic method for naming chemical compounds. It provides a set of rules to derive the names of organic molecules based on their structure, including the identification of functional groups, the longest carbon chain, and the position of substituents. Understanding these rules is essential for accurately interpreting and drawing chemical structures.

Structural Isomers

Structural isomers are compounds that have the same molecular formula but different arrangements of atoms. In the case of 2,4-Dimethyl-2-heptanol, recognizing the positions of the methyl groups and the hydroxyl group is crucial for drawing the correct structure. This concept highlights the diversity of organic compounds and the importance of spatial arrangement in determining chemical properties.

Functional Groups

Functional groups are specific groups of atoms within molecules that are responsible for the characteristic chemical reactions of those molecules. In 2,4-Dimethyl-2-heptanol, the hydroxyl (-OH) group is the functional group that defines it as an alcohol. Understanding functional groups is vital for predicting reactivity and properties of organic compounds.

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