Table of contents

1. Matter and Measurements4h 31m
2. Atoms and the Periodic Table5h 23m
3. Ionic Compounds2h 18m
4. Molecular Compounds2h 18m
5. Classification & Balancing of Chemical Reactions3h 17m
6. Chemical Reactions & Quantities2h 27m
7. Energy, Rate and Equilibrium3h 46m
8. Gases, Liquids and Solids3h 25m
9. Solutions4h 10m
10. Acids and Bases3h 29m
11. Nuclear Chemistry56m
BONUS: Lab Techniques and Procedures1h 38m
BONUS: Mathematical Operations and Functions47m
12. Introduction to Organic Chemistry1h 34m
13. Alkenes, Alkynes, and Aromatic Compounds2h 12m
14. Compounds with Oxygen or Sulfur1h 6m
15. Aldehydes and Ketones1h 1m
16. Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives1h 11m
17. Amines39m
18. Amino Acids and Proteins1h 51m
19. Enzymes1h 37m
20. Carbohydrates1h 41m
21. The Generation of Biochemical Energy2h 8m
22. Carbohydrate Metabolism2h 22m
23. Lipids2h 26m
24. Lipid Metabolism1h 45m
25. Protein and Amino Acid Metabolism1h 37m
26. Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis2h 54m

16. Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives

Naming Esters

GOB Chemistry

16. Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives

Naming Esters

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Problem 54d

Textbook Question

Give systematic names for the following structures and structures for the names:
d. Phenyl-o-hydroxybenzoate

Verified step by step guidance

Identify the parent structure: The compound 'Phenyl-o-hydroxybenzoate' is an ester. The parent structure is benzoic acid, which forms the ester bond with a phenyl group.

Analyze the substituents: The 'o-hydroxy' prefix indicates that a hydroxyl (-OH) group is attached to the benzene ring of the benzoic acid in the ortho position (position 2 relative to the ester group).

Determine the ester group: The 'phenyl' prefix indicates that the ester group is bonded to a phenyl group (a benzene ring).

Combine the information: The systematic name of the compound is derived by naming the ester as 'phenyl' (from the phenyl group) and the benzoic acid derivative as '2-hydroxybenzoate' (indicating the hydroxyl group at the ortho position).

Draw the structure: Start with a benzene ring as the base. Attach a carboxyl group (-COO-) at one position, a hydroxyl group (-OH) at the ortho position, and a phenyl group (-C6H5) to the oxygen of the ester bond.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Systematic Naming in Chemistry

Systematic naming in chemistry refers to the IUPAC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry) rules used to create unique and descriptive names for chemical compounds. This method ensures that each compound has a specific name that reflects its structure and composition, allowing for clear communication among chemists. For example, the name 'phenyl-o-hydroxybenzoate' indicates the presence of a phenyl group and a hydroxy group on a benzoate structure.

Functional Groups

Functional groups are specific groups of atoms within molecules that are responsible for the characteristic chemical reactions of those molecules. In the case of phenyl-o-hydroxybenzoate, the hydroxy (-OH) group is a functional group that imparts alcohol characteristics, while the benzoate part indicates the presence of a carboxylic acid derivative. Understanding functional groups is essential for predicting the behavior and reactivity of organic compounds.

Structural Representation of Compounds

Structural representation involves depicting the arrangement of atoms within a molecule, which can be illustrated through various formats such as Lewis structures, condensed formulas, or skeletal structures. For phenyl-o-hydroxybenzoate, drawing its structure helps visualize the connectivity of atoms and the spatial arrangement of functional groups, which is crucial for understanding its chemical properties and reactivity.

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