Table of contents

1. Matter and Measurements4h 31m
2. Atoms and the Periodic Table5h 23m
3. Ionic Compounds2h 18m
4. Molecular Compounds2h 18m
5. Classification & Balancing of Chemical Reactions3h 17m
6. Chemical Reactions & Quantities2h 27m
7. Energy, Rate and Equilibrium3h 46m
8. Gases, Liquids and Solids3h 25m
9. Solutions4h 10m
10. Acids and Bases3h 29m
11. Nuclear Chemistry56m
BONUS: Lab Techniques and Procedures1h 38m
BONUS: Mathematical Operations and Functions47m
12. Introduction to Organic Chemistry1h 34m
13. Alkenes, Alkynes, and Aromatic Compounds2h 12m
14. Compounds with Oxygen or Sulfur1h 6m
15. Aldehydes and Ketones1h 1m
16. Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives1h 11m
17. Amines39m
18. Amino Acids and Proteins1h 51m
19. Enzymes1h 37m
20. Carbohydrates1h 41m
21. The Generation of Biochemical Energy2h 8m
22. Carbohydrate Metabolism2h 22m
23. Lipids2h 26m
24. Lipid Metabolism1h 45m
25. Protein and Amino Acid Metabolism1h 37m
26. Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis2h 54m

26. Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis

The Genetic Code

GOB Chemistry

26. Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis

The Genetic Code

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0:28 minutes

Problem 44c

Textbook Question

What amino acid is coded for by each of the following mRNA codons?
c. CGG

Verified step by step guidance

Understand the problem: The question asks us to determine the amino acid coded by the mRNA codon CGG. To solve this, we need to use the genetic code, which maps mRNA codons to their corresponding amino acids.

Recall the structure of codons: Codons are sequences of three nucleotides in mRNA that specify a particular amino acid. Each codon is read in the 5' to 3' direction.

Use the genetic code chart: Locate the codon CGG in the genetic code chart. The first nucleotide (C) corresponds to the row, the second nucleotide (G) corresponds to the column, and the third nucleotide (G) helps refine the specific amino acid.

Identify the amino acid: According to the genetic code, the codon CGG codes for the amino acid arginine (Arg).

Conclude the solution: The mRNA codon CGG specifies the amino acid arginine (Arg). This process demonstrates how the genetic code translates nucleotide sequences into proteins.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

mRNA Codons

mRNA codons are sequences of three nucleotides in messenger RNA that correspond to specific amino acids or stop signals during protein synthesis. Each codon is read by the ribosome during translation, and the sequence of codons determines the order of amino acids in a protein. Understanding codons is essential for decoding genetic information and translating it into functional proteins.

Amino Acids

Amino acids are organic compounds that serve as the building blocks of proteins. There are 20 standard amino acids, each with a unique side chain that determines its properties and role in protein structure and function. The sequence of amino acids in a protein is dictated by the corresponding mRNA codons, making the understanding of amino acids crucial for molecular biology and genetics.

Genetic Code

The genetic code is the set of rules by which information encoded in mRNA is translated into proteins. It consists of 64 codons that specify the 20 amino acids and includes start and stop signals for protein synthesis. The genetic code is nearly universal among all organisms, highlighting its fundamental role in biology and the continuity of life.

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