Textbook Question
Draw both condensed and line structures corresponding to the following IUPAC names and label each carbon as primary, secondary, tertiary, or quaternary.
c. 2,2,4-Trimethylpentane
871
views
Ch.12 Introduction to Organic Chemistry: Alkanes
McMurry8th EditionFundamentals of General, Organic, and Biological ChemistryISBN: 9780134015187
Not the one you use?Change textbookSelect a different textbook
Table of contents
- Ch.1 Matter and Measurements27
- Ch.2 Atoms and the Periodic Table20
- Ch.3 Ionic Compounds8
- Ch.4 Molecular Compounds23
- Ch.5 Classification & Balancing of Chemical Reactions12
- Ch.6 Chemical Reactions: Mole and Mass Relationships28
- Ch.7 Chemical Reactions: Energy, Rate and Equilibrium64
- Ch.8 Gases, Liquids and Solids24
- Ch.9 Solutions52
- Ch.10 Acids and Bases25
- Ch.11 Nuclear Chemistry22
- Ch.12 Introduction to Organic Chemistry: Alkanes57
- Ch.13 Alkenes, Alkynes, and Aromatic Compounds47
- Ch.14 Some Compounds with Oxygen, Sulfur, or a Halogen50
- Ch.15 Aldehydes and Ketones45
- Ch.16 Amines42
- Ch.17 Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives57
- Ch.18 Amino Acids and Proteins82
- Ch.19 Enzymes and Vitamins63
- Ch.20 Carbohydrates44
- Ch.21 The Generation of Biochemical Energy65
- Ch.22 Carbohydrate Metabolism45
- Ch.23 Lipids42
- Ch.24 Lipid Metabolism33
- Ch.25 Protein and Amino Acid Metabolism24
- Ch.26 Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis45
McMurry8th EditionFundamentals of General, Organic, and Biological ChemistryISBN: 9780134015187Not the one you use?Change textbook
Chapter 12, Problem 18b
What are the IUPAC names of the following cycloalkanes? Remember to assign priority to the attached groups alphabetically.
b. 
Verified step by step guidance1
Identify the parent chain: Look for the largest continuous ring structure in the cycloalkane. The name of the parent chain will be based on the number of carbon atoms in the ring (e.g., cyclopropane for 3 carbons, cyclobutane for 4 carbons, etc.).
Identify and name the substituents: Examine the groups attached to the cycloalkane ring. Name each substituent according to its structure (e.g., methyl, ethyl, propyl, etc.).
Assign priority to substituents alphabetically: Arrange the substituents in alphabetical order to determine the numbering of the ring. For example, 'ethyl' comes before 'methyl' alphabetically.
Number the ring: Start numbering the ring from the substituent with the highest alphabetical priority. Continue numbering in the direction that gives the lowest possible numbers to the substituents.
Combine the names: Write the IUPAC name by listing the substituents in alphabetical order, followed by the parent chain name. Use hyphens to separate numbers from words and commas to separate multiple numbers (e.g., 1-ethyl-2-methylcyclopropane).
Verified video answer for a similar problem:
This video solution was recommended by our tutors as helpful for the problem above.
Was this helpful?
Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
IUPAC Nomenclature
IUPAC nomenclature is a systematic method for naming chemical compounds, ensuring that each name conveys specific information about the structure of the molecule. For cycloalkanes, the name reflects the number of carbon atoms in the ring and any substituents attached to it. The rules prioritize substituents alphabetically when determining the base name and numbering of the carbon atoms.
Recommended video:
Guided course
3:18
IUPAC Naming Concept 3
Cycloalkanes
Cycloalkanes are a class of hydrocarbons characterized by carbon atoms arranged in a ring structure. They are saturated compounds, meaning they contain only single bonds between carbon atoms. The simplest cycloalkane is cyclopropane, which has three carbon atoms, and they can have various substituents that affect their naming and properties.
Recommended video:
Guided course
0:36Rules for Naming Cyclic Alkanes Concept 1
Substituent Priority
In IUPAC naming, substituent priority refers to the order in which substituents are considered when numbering the carbon atoms in a cycloalkane. Substituents are listed alphabetically based on their names, regardless of their position or size. This ensures a consistent and clear naming convention, allowing chemists to communicate effectively about the structure of the compound.
Recommended video:
Guided course
1:11Functional Group Priorities Concept 1
Related Practice
Textbook Question
What is wrong with the following names? It will be helpful to draw the structures as named before making your decision.
c. 1-Ethyl-2-methyl-3-ethylcyclopentane
1043
views
Textbook Question
Convert the following models into line drawings (back = C; white = H; blue = N):
b.
848
views
Textbook Question
Convert the following models into line drawings (back = C; white = H; blue = N):
a.
934
views
Textbook Question
Write the structures of all singly chlorinated products that form when 2,4-dimethylpentane is reacted with Cl2.
786
views
Textbook Question
Draw and name alkanes that meet the following descriptions:
a. A 5-carbon alkane with a tertiary carbon atom
799
views