Multiple Choice
Which element has the highest electronegativity on the Pauling scale?
3. Matter and Energy
Chemical Properties
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Which factor primarily determines the chemical properties (reactivity and bonding behavior) of an atom?
A
The number of neutrons in the nucleus
B
The number and arrangement of valence electrons
C
The mass number of the atom
D
The total number of nucleons (protons plus neutrons)
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand that the chemical properties of an atom, such as its reactivity and bonding behavior, are mainly influenced by the electrons involved in chemical interactions.
Recall that electrons are arranged in energy levels or shells around the nucleus, and the outermost electrons are called valence electrons.
Recognize that valence electrons determine how an atom interacts with other atoms because they are the ones gained, lost, or shared during chemical reactions.
Note that the number of neutrons or the total number of nucleons (protons plus neutrons) affects the atom's mass and stability but does not directly influence chemical properties.
Conclude that the primary factor determining chemical properties is the number and arrangement of valence electrons, as these control bonding and reactivity.
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