Textbook Question
Complete each of the statements a to d using 1, 2, or 3: 1. decreases2. increases3. remains the sameGoing from left to right across Period 4,d. the number of valence electrons
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9. Electrons in Atoms and the Periodic Table
Valence Electrons of Elements (Simplified)
Multiple Choice
In introductory chemistry, the chemical behavior (reactivity) of an atom is determined primarily by which of the following?
A
The atom's mass number only
B
The total number of neutrons in the nucleus
C
The number of electrons in the innermost energy level only
D
The number and arrangement of valence electrons in the outermost energy level
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand that an atom's chemical behavior or reactivity is mainly influenced by the electrons that are available to interact with other atoms, not by the mass number or neutrons.
Recall that the mass number is the sum of protons and neutrons in the nucleus and affects the atom's mass but not its chemical properties directly.
Recognize that neutrons contribute to the atom's stability but do not determine how it reacts chemically.
Focus on the electrons, especially those in the outermost energy level, called valence electrons, because these electrons participate in chemical bonding and reactions.
Conclude that the number and arrangement of valence electrons in the outermost energy level primarily determine the atom's chemical behavior.
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