Multiple Choice
Which element is the most abundant in the universe by mass?
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4. Atoms and Elements
Periodic Table: Classifications
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How did Dmitri Mendeleev primarily arrange the periodic table in his original 1869 version?
A
By increasing atomic number, placing elements with similar chemical properties in the same columns
B
By arranging elements in order of decreasing electronegativity
C
By increasing atomic mass, placing elements with similar chemical properties in the same columns
D
By grouping elements strictly by physical state at room temperature (solid, liquid, gas)
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the historical context: Dmitri Mendeleev created the first widely recognized periodic table in 1869, aiming to organize elements to reflect their chemical properties and relationships.
Recall that Mendeleev arranged elements primarily by increasing atomic mass, which was the best available measurable property at the time, since atomic number was not yet discovered.
Note that Mendeleev placed elements with similar chemical properties in the same columns (groups), which allowed him to predict the existence and properties of undiscovered elements.
Recognize that Mendeleev's arrangement was not based on atomic number (which was discovered later) or electronegativity, nor did he group elements strictly by physical state at room temperature.
Summarize that the key principle of Mendeleev's original periodic table was ordering elements by increasing atomic mass while grouping elements with similar chemical properties together in columns.
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