Multiple Choice
In the periodic table, what do we call the horizontal rows?
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4. Atoms and Elements
Periodic Table: Group Names
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In the periodic table, what does the term "family" (or group) mean?
A
A set of elements arranged by decreasing atomic mass
B
A vertical column of elements that share similar chemical properties due to having the same number of valence electrons
C
A region of elements that all exist as diatomic molecules at room temperature
D
A horizontal row of elements that all have the same number of electron shells
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand that the periodic table is organized in two main directions: vertical columns and horizontal rows.
Recognize that a 'family' or 'group' refers specifically to a vertical column in the periodic table.
Know that elements in the same family share similar chemical properties because they have the same number of valence electrons, which are the electrons in the outermost shell.
Recall that valence electrons largely determine how an element reacts chemically, so elements in the same group behave similarly in chemical reactions.
Distinguish this from other periodic table arrangements, such as periods (horizontal rows), which correspond to elements with the same number of electron shells, not similar chemical properties.
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