Multiple Choice
Which of the following is a non-autoimmune type IV hypersensitivity?
27. Immunological Disorders
Transplantation
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If the cell surface molecules of transplanted tissue do not match the recipient’s cell surface molecules, the transplanted tissue may be targeted by the recipient’s immune system and rejected. Which surface structures on the transplanted tissue are most likely to cause transplant rejection?
A
MHC molecules.
B
Rh antigens.
C
MLB molecules.
D
ABO antigens.
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand that transplant rejection occurs when the recipient's immune system recognizes the transplanted tissue as foreign due to differences in specific cell surface molecules.
Identify the key cell surface molecules involved in immune recognition and compatibility, focusing on those that present antigens to immune cells.
Recall that Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) molecules are highly polymorphic proteins on cell surfaces that play a central role in immune system recognition and are the primary cause of transplant rejection.
Differentiate MHC molecules from other surface molecules such as ABO blood group antigens and Rh antigens, which are important in blood transfusions but less critical in tissue transplant rejection.
Conclude that mismatched MHC molecules on transplanted tissue are most likely to trigger the recipient's immune response leading to rejection.
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