Textbook Question
The following outline can be used to identify important bacteria. Fill in a representative genus in the space provided.
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Ch. 11 - The Prokaryotes: Domains Bacteria and Archaea
Tortora14th EditionMicrobiology: An IntroductionISBN: 9780138200398
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Table of contents
- Ch. 1 - The Microbial World and You18
- Ch. 2 - Chemical Principles20
- Ch. 3 - Observing Microorganisms Through a Microscope18
- Ch. 4 - Functional Anatomy of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells21
- Ch. 5 - Microbial Metabolism20
- Ch. 6 - Microbial Growth20
- Ch. 7 - The Control of Microbial Growth20
- Ch. 8 - Microbial Genetics19
- Ch. 9 - Biotechnology & DNA Technology20
- Ch. 10 - Classification of Microorganisms15
- Ch. 11 - The Prokaryotes: Domains Bacteria and Archaea14
- Ch. 12 - The Eukaryotes: Fungi, Algae, Protozoa, and Helminths17
- Ch. 13 - Viruses, Viroids, and Prions20
- Ch. 14 - Principles of Disease and Epidemiology21
- Ch. 15 - Microbial Mechanisms of Pathogenicity19
- Ch. 16 - Innate Immunity: Nonspecific Defenses of the Host20
- Ch. 17 - Adaptive Immunity: Specific Defenses of the Host20
- Ch. 18 - Practical Applications of Immunology20
- Ch. 19 - Disorders Associated with the Immune System19
- Ch. 20 - Antimicrobial Drugs19
- Ch. 21 - Microbial Diseases of the Skin and Eyes21
- Ch. 22 - Microbial Diseases of the Nervous System19
- Ch. 23 - Microbial Diseases of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems20
- Ch. 24 - Microbial Diseases of the Respiratory System20
- Ch. 25 - Microbial Diseases of the Digestive System20
- Ch. 26 - Microbial Diseases of the Urinary and Reproductive Systems19
- Ch. 27 - Environmental Microbiology20
- Ch. 28 - Applied and Industrial Microbiology19
Tortora14th EditionMicrobiology: An IntroductionISBN: 9780138200398Not the one you use?Change textbook
Chapter 11, Problem 2
Which of the following does not belong with the others?
a. Enterobacteriales
b. Lactobacillales
c. Legionellales
d. Pasteurellales
e. Vibrionales
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Identify the taxonomic rank of each term. All options (Enterobacteriales, Lactobacillales, Legionellales, Pasteurellales, Vibrionales) are names of bacterial orders, which is a rank in the classification hierarchy below class and above family.
Step 2: Determine the bacterial class to which each order belongs. For example, Enterobacteriales, Pasteurellales, and Vibrionales belong to the class Gammaproteobacteria, while Lactobacillales belongs to the class Bacilli, and Legionellales also belongs to Gammaproteobacteria.
Step 3: Compare the classes of each order to find the one that differs from the others. Since most orders listed belong to Gammaproteobacteria except Lactobacillales, which belongs to Bacilli, this indicates a difference in their higher taxonomic classification.
Step 4: Confirm that Lactobacillales is the only order from the class Bacilli, while the others are from Gammaproteobacteria, making it the odd one out.
Step 5: Conclude that the order which does not belong with the others is Lactobacillales because it is from a different bacterial class.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Bacterial Taxonomy and Classification
Bacterial taxonomy organizes bacteria into hierarchical groups based on genetic and phenotypic similarities. Orders like Enterobacteriales, Lactobacillales, Legionellales, Pasteurellales, and Vibrionales represent different taxonomic ranks within the class Gammaproteobacteria or other classes, helping to categorize bacteria by evolutionary relationships.
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Gammaproteobacteria and Their Orders
Gammaproteobacteria is a diverse class of Gram-negative bacteria containing several orders such as Enterobacteriales, Legionellales, Pasteurellales, and Vibrionales. These orders share common traits like cell wall structure and metabolic features, distinguishing them from other bacterial classes like Bacilli, which includes Lactobacillales.
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Differences Between Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacteria
Gram-positive bacteria, such as those in the order Lactobacillales, have thick peptidoglycan cell walls and stain purple in Gram staining. In contrast, Gram-negative bacteria, including Enterobacteriales and others listed, have thinner walls and an outer membrane, staining pink. This fundamental difference affects classification and physiological traits.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
Compare and contrast each of the following:
a. Cyanobacteria and algae
b. Actinomycetes and fungi
c. Bacillus and Lactobacillus
d. Pseudomonas and Escherichia
e. Leptospira and Spirillum
f. Escherichia and Bacteroides
g. Rickettsia and Chlamydia
h. Mycobacterium and Mycoplasma
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Textbook Question
Draw a key to differentiate the following bacteria: cyanobacteria, Cytophaga, Desulfovibrio, Frankia, Hyphomicrobium, methanogens, myxobacteria, Nitrobacter, purple bacteria, Sphaerotilus, and Sulfolobus.
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Textbook Question
Pathogenic bacteria can be
a. motile.
b. rods.
c. cocci.
d. anaerobic.
e. all of the above.
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Textbook Question
These organisms are important in sewage treatment and can produce a fuel used for home heating and for generating electricity.
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Textbook Question
If you Gram-stained the bacteria that live in the human intestine, you would expect to find mostly
a. gram-positive cocci.
b. gram-negative rods.
c. gram-positive, endospore-forming rods.
d. gram-negative, nitrogen-fixing bacteria.
e. all of the above.
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