Textbook Question
Differentiate the following terms. Which one is “hit and miss”—that is, does not add a specific gene to a cell?
a. Protoplast fusion
b. Gene gun
c. Microinjection
d. Electroporation
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16. Microbial Genetics
Introduction to Microbial Genetics
Multiple Choice
Microbial resistance to drugs is acquired through ______.
A
spontaneous generation
B
binary fission only
C
endospore formation
D
mutation and horizontal gene transfer
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand that microbial resistance to drugs is primarily acquired through genetic changes that allow microbes to survive in the presence of antimicrobial agents.
Recognize that spontaneous generation is an outdated concept and does not explain how microbes acquire drug resistance.
Know that binary fission is a method of reproduction in bacteria but does not itself cause resistance; however, it can propagate resistant genes once they appear.
Learn that endospore formation is a survival mechanism but does not directly cause drug resistance.
Focus on the two main mechanisms: mutation, which introduces genetic changes spontaneously, and horizontal gene transfer, which allows bacteria to acquire resistance genes from other bacteria.
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