Multiple Choice
Which of the following statements about lupus erythematosus & multiple sclerosis is true?
27. Immunological Disorders
Autoimmune Diseases
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_________ is an organ-specific autoimmune disease where the immune system damages the protective covering of the nerve cells (myelin sheath) in the body. This disease results in pain, fatigue, loss of coordination, and other adverse symptoms over a patient’s lifetime.
A
Graves’ Disease.
B
Rheumatoid arthritis.
C
Multiple sclerosis.
D
Addison’s disease.
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Understand the definition of an organ-specific autoimmune disease. These diseases target specific organs or tissues, where the immune system mistakenly attacks components of that organ.
Step 2: Identify the key feature described: damage to the protective covering of nerve cells, known as the myelin sheath. This is a hallmark of certain neurological autoimmune diseases.
Step 3: Recall that Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is characterized by immune-mediated destruction of the myelin sheath in the central nervous system, leading to symptoms like pain, fatigue, and loss of coordination.
Step 4: Compare the other options: Graves’ Disease affects the thyroid gland, Rheumatoid Arthritis targets joints, and Addison’s Disease affects the adrenal glands. None of these primarily involve the myelin sheath.
Step 5: Conclude that the disease described, which involves immune system damage to the myelin sheath and neurological symptoms, corresponds to Multiple Sclerosis.
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