__________ infections are those acquired by patients or staff while in health care facilities.

A patient contracted athlete’s foot after long-term use of a medication. His physician explained that the malady was directly related to the medication. Such infections are termed:

a. Healthcare-associated infections

b. Exogenous infections

c. Iatrogenic infections

d. Endogenous infections

Infections that may go unnoticed because of the absence of symptoms are called __________ infections.

Diseases that are naturally spread from their usual animal hosts to humans are called ___________ .

Nonliving reservoirs of disease, such as a toothbrush, drinking glass, and needle, are called __________ .

The total number of cases of a disease in a given area is its __________.

An animal that carries a pathogen and also serves as host for the pathogen is a ___________ vector.

List three conditions that create opportunities for pathogens to become harmful in a human.

List three portals through which pathogens enter the body.