Multiple Choice
All of the following are known mechanisms that pathogens use to avoid the effects of antibodies except which of these answers?
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21. Principles of Disease
5) Avoiding Antibodies
Multiple Choice
Each year it is recommended that healthy adults get a flu shot. Why do we need to get a vaccine for the flu every year instead of once in our lifetime?
A
The flu virus evolves new antigens very quickly.
B
Each flu vaccine contains different flu antigens.
C
The flu virus has antigenic variation each year.
D
All of the above.
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the concept of antigenic variation: The flu virus undergoes changes in its antigens, which are the parts of the virus that the immune system recognizes and targets.
Learn about the rapid evolution of the flu virus: The flu virus can mutate quickly, leading to new strains with different antigens that the immune system may not recognize from previous infections or vaccinations.
Explore the composition of flu vaccines: Each year, flu vaccines are formulated to include antigens from the most common and predicted strains of the flu virus for that season.
Recognize the need for annual vaccination: Due to the flu virus's ability to change its antigens rapidly, a new vaccine is needed each year to provide effective protection against the current strains.
Conclude with the comprehensive understanding: All the factors mentioned—antigenic variation, rapid evolution, and different antigens in vaccines—contribute to the necessity of getting a flu shot annually.
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