Textbook Question
How do archaeal flagella differ from bacterial flagella and eukaryotic flagella?
1044
views
7. Prokaryotic Cell Structures & Functions
Prokaryotic & Eukaryotic Cells
3:09 minutesProblem 8
Textbook Question
Contrast a cell of Streptococcus pyogenes (a bacterium) with the unicellular protozoan Entamoeba histolytica, listing at least eight differences.
Verified step by step guidance1
Identify the basic classification of each organism: Streptococcus pyogenes is a bacterium (prokaryote), while Entamoeba histolytica is a unicellular protozoan (eukaryote).
Compare cell structure: note that Streptococcus pyogenes lacks a true nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, whereas Entamoeba histolytica has a defined nucleus and organelles such as mitochondria.
Examine cell wall composition: Streptococcus pyogenes has a thick peptidoglycan cell wall characteristic of Gram-positive bacteria, while Entamoeba histolytica lacks a cell wall and instead has a flexible plasma membrane.
Discuss size differences: typically, Entamoeba histolytica cells are larger than bacterial cells like Streptococcus pyogenes.
Look at modes of locomotion: Entamoeba histolytica moves using pseudopodia, whereas Streptococcus pyogenes is non-motile.
Consider reproduction methods: Streptococcus pyogenes reproduces asexually by binary fission, while Entamoeba histolytica reproduces by mitotic division and can form cysts for survival.
Analyze metabolic capabilities: Streptococcus pyogenes is generally a facultative anaerobe relying on fermentation, whereas Entamoeba histolytica is anaerobic and obtains energy through phagocytosis and fermentation.
Evaluate genetic material organization: Streptococcus pyogenes has a single circular chromosome and may have plasmids, while Entamoeba histolytica has multiple linear chromosomes within a nucleus.
Verified video answer for a similar problem:This video solution was recommended by our tutors as helpful for the problem above
Video duration:
3mKey Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Cellular Structure Differences between Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes
Streptococcus pyogenes is a prokaryotic bacterium lacking a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, while Entamoeba histolytica is a eukaryotic protozoan with a defined nucleus and organelles like mitochondria. This fundamental difference affects their complexity and cellular processes.
Recommended video:
Guided course
05:54
Prokaryotic & Eukaryotic Cells
Cell Wall Composition
S. pyogenes has a rigid cell wall made of peptidoglycan, providing shape and protection, characteristic of bacteria. In contrast, E. histolytica lacks a cell wall and instead has a flexible plasma membrane, allowing for shape changes and movement.
Recommended video:
Guided course
03:44Introduction to Bacterial Cell Walls
Mode of Nutrition and Locomotion
S. pyogenes obtains nutrients through absorption and is non-motile, relying on passive movement. E. histolytica is heterotrophic, ingesting food particles via phagocytosis, and moves actively using pseudopodia, which are extensions of its cytoplasm.
Recommended video:
Guided course
05:58Nutritional Diversity Among Microbes
Related Videos
Related Practice