Identify where the following processes occur: ammonification, decomposition, denitrification, nitrification, nitrogen fixation. Name at least one organism responsible for each process.

Which of the following is an example of bioremediation?

a. Application of oil-degrading bacteria to an oil spill

b. Application of bacteria to a crop to prevent frost damage

c. Fixation of gaseous nitrogen into usable nitrogen

d. Production by bacteria of a human protein such as interferon

e. All of the above

Bioremediation refers to the use of living organisms to remove pollutants. Describe three examples of bioremediation.

Coliforms are used as indicator organisms of sewage pollution because

a. They are pathogens.

b. They ferment lactose.

c. They are abundant in human intestines.

d. They grow within 48 hours.

e. All of the above.

What is industrial microbiology? Why is it important?

Potable water is allowed to have ________coliforms per 100 ml of water tested.

Nitrification converts:

a. organic nitrogen to NH3

b. NH₃ to NH₄⁺

c. NH₄+ or NH₃ to NO₃

d. NO₃ to N₂

Anammox reactions are:

a. Anaerobic and part of nitrogen cycling

b. Anaerobic and part of carbon cycling

c. Aerobic and part of sulfur cycling

d. Aerobic and part of metal ion oxidation

Biogeochemical cycling involves three primary steps: _____, _____ , and _____.