Which metabolic pathway involves a series of reactions that break down glucose into carbon dioxide and water, producing ATP, NADH, and FADH₂ as energy carriers?

For prokaryotes, where does the Electron Transport Chain occur?

What is the role of ATP synthase in chemiosmosis?

During the process of cellular respiration in a human muscle cell, which molecule acts as the final electron acceptor?

During winemaking, the acetobacter bacteria can convert ethanol into acetic acid under which of the following conditions?

Which of the following best describes what happens to water molecules in photosynthesis?

What is the important function of stomata in plants?

In the process of photosynthesis, plants convert light energy into chemical energy. Which range of light is most effectively used by plants for photosynthesis?

Which of the following is considered the main pigment in chloroplasts?

In which location does the light-dependent reaction of photosynthesis take place?

Which molecule is the final electron acceptor in the light reactions of photosynthesis?

During the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis, which process is directly responsible for the generation of a proton gradient across the thylakoid membrane?

In the Calvin cycle, which of the following molecules is a precursor to glucose synthesis?

Which of the following organisms primarily uses light as an energy source and carbon dioxide as a primary carbon source?

Which of the following was not identified during Griffifth's experiment?

A group of scientists is investigating the molecular basis of heredity in fungi. They use a fungal virus and conduct an experiment similar to the Hershey-Chase experiment. They label the DNA of the virus with a radioactive isotope of phosphorus (³²P) and the capsid with a radioactive isotope of sulfur (³⁵S). After the virus infects the fungal cells, where should they expect to find the ³²P if DNA is the hereditary material?

What is Chargaff’s first rule?

Which of the following proteins forms ionic bonds with eukaryotic DNA and helps in its condensation?

According to the semi-conservative model of Meselson and Stahl, what happens to the parental strands during the synthesis of new DNA?

Sticky ends in two strands of DNA can be joined together by:

Which part of the DNA strand does DNA polymerase add new nucleotides?

What role does DNA polymerase I play in DNA replication that is not directly related to the leading strand synthesis?

Which enzyme is responsible for correcting errors during the DNA replication process?

Which of the following statements about the central dogma is true?

Which strand of DNA serves as the template for RNA synthesis?

During transcription, which DNA strand serves as the template for mRNA synthesis?