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Multiple Choice
Which of the following is the most stable radical?
A
Secondary alkyl radical
B
Methyl radical
C
Primary alkyl radical
D
Tertiary alkyl radical
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1
Understand that the stability of alkyl radicals depends on the degree of alkyl substitution at the radical center. More substituted radicals are generally more stable due to hyperconjugation and inductive effects.
Recall that a methyl radical has no alkyl substituents attached to the radical carbon, making it the least stable among the options.
Recognize that a primary alkyl radical has one alkyl group attached to the radical carbon, providing some stabilization compared to the methyl radical.
Know that a secondary alkyl radical has two alkyl groups attached, offering more hyperconjugation and inductive stabilization than primary radicals.
Conclude that a tertiary alkyl radical, with three alkyl groups attached to the radical carbon, is the most stable due to the greatest hyperconjugation and electron-donating inductive effects.