Textbook Question
Draw the structure for each of the following:
d. 2,4,5-trimethyl-4-(1-methylethyl)heptane
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4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes
IUPAC Naming
1:52 minutesProblem 71d
Textbook Question
Correct the following incorrect names using standard IUPAC nomenclature. [Draw a compound that corresponds to the incorrect name, and then rename it.]
(d) 4-butyldecane
Verified step by step guidance1
Draw the structure of the compound based on the incorrect name '4-butyldecane'. Start with a decane backbone (a straight chain of 10 carbon atoms) and attach a butyl group (a chain of 4 carbon atoms) to the fourth carbon of the decane chain.
Analyze the structure to determine if the name follows the IUPAC rules. In this case, the name '4-butyldecane' is incorrect because the substituent (butyl group) creates a longer continuous chain than the original decane backbone.
Reidentify the longest continuous carbon chain in the structure. This chain will become the new parent chain. Count the number of carbons in this chain to determine the base name of the compound.
Renumber the parent chain to give the substituents the lowest possible locants. Identify and name the substituents attached to the parent chain, ensuring that their positions are correctly indicated.
Combine the substituent names, their positions, and the parent chain name into a single IUPAC name, following the standard rules for alphabetical order and hyphenation.
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Video duration:
1mKey Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
IUPAC Nomenclature
IUPAC nomenclature is a systematic method for naming organic chemical compounds. It provides rules for naming based on the structure of the molecule, including the longest carbon chain, functional groups, and substituents. Understanding these rules is essential for accurately identifying and renaming compounds, ensuring clear communication in the scientific community.
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The different parts of an IUPAC name
Alkane Structure
Alkanes are saturated hydrocarbons consisting only of carbon and hydrogen atoms, connected by single bonds. They follow the general formula CnH2n+2, where 'n' is the number of carbon atoms. Recognizing the structure of alkanes is crucial for determining the correct naming conventions and identifying any discrepancies in the provided names.
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Substituents and Their Position
Substituents are groups of atoms that replace hydrogen atoms in a hydrocarbon chain. Their position is indicated by numbers in the compound's name, which reflect the carbon atom to which they are attached. Correctly identifying and numbering substituents is vital for accurate IUPAC naming, as it affects the overall name and structure of the compound.
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