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Monosaccharides - N-Glycosides quiz

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  • By what process are sugar groups added to proteins?
    Sugar groups can be added to proteins through glycosylation, where glycosides are formed by substituting at the anomeric position of monosaccharides.
  • What are glycoproteins?
    Glycoproteins are proteins that have carbohydrate groups attached to them, often through glycosidic bonds at specific sites.
  • What is the role of nitrogenous nucleophiles in N-glycosidation?
    Nitrogenous nucleophiles substitute at the anomeric position of monosaccharides to form N-glycosides, creating glycosidic bonds with nitrogen-containing compounds.
  • What is an N-glycoside also known as?
    An N-glycoside is also known as a glycosylamine, where an amine group is attached to a sugar ring at the anomeric position.
  • What is a ribonucleoside?
    A ribonucleoside is an N-glycoside that consists of a ribose sugar linked to a heterocyclic nitrogen base, forming part of RNA.
  • Why is the beta configuration important in RNA?
    The beta configuration is crucial for RNA functionality because it ensures the correct stereochemistry for the ribonucleoside linkage.
  • How is an N-glycosidic bond formed in RNA?
    An N-glycosidic bond in RNA is formed when a nitrogen from a nitrogenous base attacks the oxocarbenium ion at the anomeric position of ribose.
  • What are the four heterocyclic bases in RNA?
    The four heterocyclic bases in RNA are guanine, cytosine, adenine, and uracil.
  • What is the significance of the anomeric position in glycosidation?
    The anomeric position is significant because it is the site where substitution occurs, forming glycosidic bonds in both O-glycosidation and N-glycosidation.
  • What is the difference between a glycoside and a nucleoside?
    A glycoside involves a sugar linked to another molecule via a glycosidic bond, while a nucleoside specifically involves a ribose sugar linked to a nitrogenous base.