Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Relative Velocity
Relative velocity is the velocity of an object as observed from a particular reference frame. In this scenario, the jogger's velocity is measured relative to the water, which serves as the reference frame. To find the jogger's velocity relative to the water, one must consider both the jogger's speed and the ship's speed, adding or subtracting them based on the direction of motion.
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Vector Addition
Vector addition is a mathematical operation used to combine two or more vectors to determine a resultant vector. In this case, the velocities of the jogger and the ship are vectors that can be added or subtracted depending on their directions. When the jogger runs in the same direction as the ship, their velocities add; when running in the opposite direction, they subtract.
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Frame of Reference
A frame of reference is a coordinate system used to measure the position and motion of objects. In this problem, the water serves as the frame of reference for calculating the jogger's velocity. Understanding the frame of reference is crucial, as it determines how velocities are perceived and calculated, influencing the final results of the jogger's speed relative to the water.
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