Intro To Dielectrics quiz Flashcards
Intro To Dielectrics quiz
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What is an insulator in the context of dielectrics?
An insulator, in the context of dielectrics, is a material that increases the capacitance of a capacitor by weakening the electric field inside it. This is achieved by inserting the dielectric material between the plates of the capacitor, which increases the capacitance by a factor of the dielectric constant, k. How do dielectrics work in capacitors?
Dielectrics work in capacitors by increasing the capacitance. When a dielectric is inserted, it weakens the electric field inside the capacitor, which is described by the equation C = k * C0, where C is the new capacitance, k is the dielectric constant, and C0 is the original capacitance. This results in either a decrease in voltage (if the battery is disconnected) or an increase in charge (if the battery is connected). Which material is commonly used as an insulator against electric current in capacitors?
Common materials used as insulators in capacitors include glass, ceramic, plastic, and mica. These materials have high dielectric constants, which make them effective at increasing the capacitance by weakening the electric field within the capacitor. When might you want to use a dielectric in a capacitor?
You might want to use a dielectric in a capacitor when you need to increase the capacitance without changing the physical size of the capacitor. This is useful in electronic circuits where space is limited, and higher capacitance is required for better energy storage or filtering capabilities. What effect does a dielectric have on the potential energy and energy density of a capacitor?
The effect of a dielectric on the potential energy and energy density of a capacitor depends on whether the battery is connected or disconnected. If the battery is disconnected, the potential energy decreases, while if the battery is connected, the potential energy increases. In both cases, the energy density decreases due to the weakened electric field caused by the dielectric. What is the role of a dielectric constant in a capacitor?
The dielectric constant, denoted as k, is a factor that increases the capacitance of a capacitor by weakening the electric field inside it. How does inserting a dielectric affect the electric field in a capacitor?
Inserting a dielectric weakens the electric field inside a capacitor, as the new electric field is the original field divided by the dielectric constant k. What happens to the voltage and charge when a dielectric is inserted with the battery disconnected?
When the battery is disconnected, the charge remains constant, and the voltage decreases as the capacitance increases. How does the potential energy change when a dielectric is inserted with the battery connected?
With the battery connected, the potential energy increases because the capacitance increases while the voltage remains constant. What is the effect of a dielectric on energy density in a capacitor?
The energy density decreases in both scenarios (battery connected or disconnected) due to the weakened electric field caused by the dielectric.
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