Multiple Choice
According to the old model of parent-adolescent relationships in developmental psychology, how were interactions between parents and adolescents typically characterized?
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1. Introduction to Psychology
Developmental Psychology
Multiple Choice
In developmental psychology, which definition best describes Vygotsky’s zone of proximal development (ZPD)?
A
The range of tasks that a learner cannot yet do alone but can accomplish with guidance or support from a more knowledgeable other.
B
A fixed stage of cognitive development characterized by the ability to think abstractly and use formal logic.
C
The set of behaviors and knowledge a child can perform independently without assistance.
D
The idea that reinforcement and punishment are the primary drivers of cognitive growth across childhood.
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Understand the concept of Vygotsky's Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) as a key idea in developmental psychology that focuses on the potential for learning rather than what a learner can do independently.
Step 2: Recognize that ZPD refers to the range of tasks that a learner cannot complete alone but can achieve with help from a more knowledgeable other, such as a teacher, parent, or peer.
Step 3: Differentiate ZPD from other developmental concepts, such as fixed stages of cognitive development (like Piaget's stages), independent skills a child already possesses, and behaviorist ideas centered on reinforcement and punishment.
Step 4: Identify that the correct definition of ZPD emphasizes the importance of social interaction and guided learning in cognitive development.
Step 5: Conclude that the best description of Vygotsky’s ZPD is the range of tasks a learner cannot yet do alone but can accomplish with guidance or support from a more knowledgeable other.
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