The heart of operant conditioning is the effect of _________ on behavior.

Theo gets excited whenever he finds a quarter lying on the ground outside. While walking home from school one day, Theo noticed a shiny round object lying on the sidewalk and became very excited. He soon realized that the object was a bottle cap and his excitement quickly dissipated. Which of the following concepts is demonstrated in this example?

Shortly after eating a piece of his great aunt's famous coconut cake, which he has had many times, Amad became very nauseous. Now, whenever his great aunt offers him a piece of cake, Amad quickly declines. Which of the following concepts best explains Amad's change in behavior?

Voluntary behavior, to Skinner, was _____ behavior.

_____ was one of the first researchers to look at the laws involved in learning voluntary responses.

The behavior of infants and animals can be easily reinforced using

_____  reinforcement is more resistant to extinction than _____ reinforcement.

The law of effect states if an action is followed by a pleasurable consequence, the action is likely to

Small steps in behavior that are reinforced, one after the other, to create a particular goal behavior are known as