Paint Cans A machine is set to fill paint cans with a mean of 128 ounces and a standard deviation of 0.2 ounce. A random sample of 40 cans has a mean of 127.9 ounces. The machine needs to be reset when the mean of a random sample is unusual. Does the machine need to be reset? Explain.

Forecast and Actual Temperatures Listed below are actual temperatures (°F) along with the temperatures that were forecast five days earlier (data collected by the author). Use a 0.05 significance level to test the claim that differences between actual temperatures and temperatures forecast five days earlier are from a population with a mean of 0°F.

Test the claim about the population mean $\mu$ at the given level of significance. Assume the population is normally distributed. Find the $P$-value and determine whether you should reject or fail to reject the null hypothesis.

Claim: $\mu \ne 1020$, $\alpha =0.01$, $\sigma =85$

Sample: $\bar{x}=990$, $n=40$

A university claims that the average SAT math score of its incoming freshmen is 600. A skeptical education researcher believes this might not be accurate. The researcher collects a random sample of 40 students and finds a sample mean SAT math score of 622. The population standard deviation is known to be 70. Using a significance level of $\alpha$ = 0.05, test the researcher’s claim.

Test the claim about the population mean $\mu$ at the given level of significance. Assume the population is normally distributed. Find the $P$-value and determine whether you should reject or fail to reject the null hypothesis.

Claim: $\mu >52$, $\alpha =0.10$

Sample: $\bar{x}=53.1$, $s=4.7$, $n=20$

Milk Containers A machine is set to fill milk containers with a mean of 64 ounces and a standard deviation of 0.11 ounce. A random sample of 40 containers has a mean of 64.05 ounces. The machine needs to be reset when the mean of a random sample is unusual. Does the machine need to be reset? Explain.

Tennis Ball Manufacturing A company manufactures tennis balls. When the balls are dropped onto a concrete surface from a height of 100 inches, the company wants the mean bounce height to be 55.5 inches. This average is maintained by periodically testing random samples of 25 tennis balls. If the t-value falls between and , then the company will be satisfied that it is manufacturing acceptable tennis balls. For a random sample, the mean bounce height of the sample is 56.0 inches and the standard deviation is 0.25 inch. Assume the bounce heights are approximately normally distributed. Is the company making acceptable tennis balls? Explain.

In Exercises 29–32, test the claim about the population mean at the level of significance α. Assume the population is normally distributed.

Claim: ; μ ≠ 5880; α = 0.03; α = 413

Sample statistics: x_bar = 5771, n = 67

In Exercises 29–32, test the claim about the population mean at the level of significance α. Assume the population is normally distributed.

Claim: ; μ ≤ 22,500; α = 0.01; α = 1200

Sample statistics: x_bar = 23,500, n = 45