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1. Intro to Stats and Collecting Data(0)

Intro to Stats
(0)

Levels of Measurement
(0)

Intro to Collecting Data
(0)

Sampling Methods
(0)

2. Describing Data with Tables and Graphs(0)

Visualizing Qualitative vs. Quantitative Data
(0)

Frequency Distributions
(0)

Histograms
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Bar Graphs and Pareto Charts
(0)

Pie Charts
(0)

Frequency Polygons
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Dot Plots
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Stemplots (Stem-and-Leaf Plots)
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Time-Series Graph
(0)

3. Describing Data Numerically(0)

Mean
(0)

Median
(0)

Mode
(0)

Standard Deviation
(0)

Interpreting Standard Deviation
(0)

Percentiles & Quartiles
(0)

Boxplots
(0)

4. Probability(0)

Basic Concepts of Probability
(0)

Complements
(0)

Addition Rule
(0)

Multiplication Rule: Independent Events
(0)

Introduction to Contingency Tables
(0)

Multiplication Rule: Dependent Events
(0)

Bayes' Theorem
(0)

Fundamental Counting Principle
(0)

Counting
(0)

5. Binomial Distribution & Discrete Random Variables(0)

Discrete Random Variables
(0)

Binomial Distribution
(0)

Poisson Distribution
(0)

Hypergeometric Distribution
(0)

6. Normal Distribution and Continuous Random Variables(0)

Uniform Distribution
(0)

Standard Normal Distribution
(0)

Non-Standard Normal Distribution
(0)

7. Sampling Distributions & Confidence Intervals: Mean(0)

Sampling Distribution of the Sample Mean and Central Limit Theorem
(0)

Introduction to Confidence Intervals
(0)

Confidence Intervals for Population Mean
(0)

Determining the Minimum Sample Size Required
(0)

8. Sampling Distributions & Confidence Intervals: Proportion(0)

Sampling Distribution of Sample Proportion
(0)

Confidence Intervals for Population Proportion
(0)

Chi Square Distribution
(0)

Confidence Intervals for Population Variance
(0)

9. Hypothesis Testing for One Sample(0)

Steps in Hypothesis Testing
(0)

Performing Hypothesis Tests: Means
(0)

Performing Hypothesis Tests: Proportions
(0)

Performing Hypothesis Tests: Variance
(0)

Critical Values and Rejection Regions
(0)

Link Between Confidence Intervals and Hypothesis Testing
(0)

Type I & Type II Errors
(0)

10. Hypothesis Testing for Two Samples(0)

Two Proportions
(0)

Two Means - Unknown, Unequal Variance
(0)

Two Means - Unknown, Equal Variance
(0)

Two Means - Known Variance
(0)

Two Means - Matched Pairs (Dependent Samples)
(0)

Two Variances and F Distribution
(0)

11. Correlation(0)

Scatterplots & Intro to Correlation
(0)

Correlation Coefficient
(0)

12. Regression(0)

Linear Regression & Least Squares Method
(0)

Residuals
(0)

Coefficient of Determination
(0)

Inferences for Slope
(0)

Prediction Intervals
(0)

Quadratic Regression
(0)

13. Chi-Square Tests & Goodness of Fit(0)

Goodness of Fit Test
(0)

Contingency Tables
(0)

Independence Tests
(0)

Homogeneity Tests
(0)

14. ANOVA(0)

Introduction to ANOVA
(0)

Multiple Comparisons: Tukey Test
(0)

Multiple Comparisons: Tukey-Kramer Test
(0)

Multiple Comparisons: Bonferoni Test
(0)

Two-Way ANOVA
(0)

14. ANOVA

Introduction to ANOVA

14. ANOVA

Introduction to ANOVA: Videos & Practice Problems

Video Lessons Practice Worksheet

Back to all problems

10 of 0

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Problem 10Multiple Choice

Researchers examined whether daily paternal alcohol consumption during the partner's pregnancy is associated with neonatal birth length. They reported that their results were "adjusted for potential confounders." What is the most accurate interpretation of this phrase in the context of their analysis?

"Adjusted for potential confounders" means the investigators excluded all participants who had any other risk factors, so the final sample contains only fathers who drank and no other exposures.

"Adjusted for potential confounders" means the investigators used statistical models to account for other variables that are related to both paternal alcohol use and birth length, estimating the association while holding those variables constant.

"Adjusted for potential confounders" means the investigators transformed the outcome variable (birth length) to a new scale to remove variability.

"Adjusted for potential confounders" means the investigators reported only results that were statistically significant after correcting for multiple comparisons.

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