A clinical researcher claims that the average recovery time μμ after a new treatment is 55 days. She takes a small sample of n=12n = 12 patients and computes the sample standard deviation s. By mistake, she uses a zz-test (standard normal) instead of the correct tt-test. How does this error affect the probability of rejecting H0H_0, and does the effect depend on whether the test is left-tailed, right-tailed, or two-tailed?

It makes rejecting H0H_0 more likely, regardless of tail direction.

It makes rejecting H0H_0 less likely, regardless of tail direction.

It makes rejecting H0H_0 more likely only for two-tailed tests.

It makes rejecting H0H_0 more likely only for one-tailed tests.

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Problem 171Multiple Choice

A clinical researcher claims that the average recovery time $μ$ after a new treatment is $5$ days. She takes a small sample of $n equals 12$ patients and computes the sample standard deviation s. By mistake, she uses a $z$ -test (standard normal) instead of the correct $t$ -test. How does this error affect the probability of rejecting $H sub 0$ , and does the effect depend on whether the test is left-tailed, right-tailed, or two-tailed?

It makes rejecting $H sub 0$ more likely, regardless of tail direction.

It makes rejecting $H sub 0$ less likely, regardless of tail direction.

It makes rejecting $H sub 0$ more likely only for two-tailed tests.

It makes rejecting $H sub 0$ more likely only for one-tailed tests.

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