Table of contents

1. Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology5h 43m
2. Cell Chemistry & Cell Components12h 36m
3. Energy & Cell Processes10h 6m
4. Tissues & Histology10h 3m
5. Integumentary System2h 20m
6. Bones & Skeletal Tissue2h 16m
7. The Skeletal System2h 35m
8. Joints2h 17m
9. Muscle Tissue2h 33m
10. Muscles1h 11m
11. Nervous Tissue and Nervous System1h 35m
12. The Central Nervous System1h 6m
- Introduction to the Central Nervous System
  18m
- The Cerebrum
  48m
13. The Peripheral Nervous System1h 26m
14. The Autonomic Nervous System1h 38m
15. The Special Senses2h 41m
16. The Endocrine System2h 48m
17. The Blood3h 22m
18. The Heart3h 42m
19. The Blood Vessels3h 35m
20. The Lymphatic System3h 16m
21. The Immune System14h 37m
22. The Respiratory System3h 20m
23. The Digestive System2h 5m
24. Metabolism and Nutrition4h 0m
25. The Urinary System2h 39m
26. Fluid and Electrolyte Balance, Acid Base Balance37m
27. The Reproductive System2h 5m
28. Human Development1h 21m
29. Heredity3h 32m

2. Cell Chemistry & Cell Components

Biological Membranes

Anatomy & Physiology

2. Cell Chemistry & Cell Components

Biological Membranes

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5:07 minutes

Problem 12

Textbook Question

What are four general functions of the plasma membrane?

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The plasma membrane, also known as the cell membrane, is a selectively permeable barrier that surrounds the cell. Its first general function is to regulate the movement of substances into and out of the cell, maintaining homeostasis. This is achieved through mechanisms like passive transport (e.g., diffusion, osmosis) and active transport.

The second function of the plasma membrane is to provide structural support and maintain the shape of the cell. The lipid bilayer, along with embedded proteins, contributes to the membrane's flexibility and strength.

The third function is communication. The plasma membrane contains receptor proteins that allow the cell to receive and respond to chemical signals, such as hormones or neurotransmitters, from the external environment.

The fourth function is cell recognition and adhesion. The plasma membrane contains glycoproteins and glycolipids that act as markers for cell identification, enabling the immune system to distinguish between self and non-self cells, and facilitating interactions between cells in tissues.

In summary, the plasma membrane's functions include regulating transport, providing structural support, enabling communication, and facilitating cell recognition and adhesion. These roles are essential for maintaining the cell's integrity and interactions with its environment.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Selective Permeability

The plasma membrane is selectively permeable, meaning it regulates the entry and exit of substances. This function allows essential nutrients to enter the cell while keeping harmful substances out, maintaining the internal environment's stability. This selective barrier is crucial for cellular homeostasis.

Cell Communication

The plasma membrane plays a vital role in cell communication through receptor proteins that detect signaling molecules. These receptors facilitate the transmission of information between cells, allowing them to respond to changes in their environment. This function is essential for processes like immune response and hormone signaling.

Structural Support

The plasma membrane provides structural support to the cell, maintaining its shape and integrity. It anchors the cytoskeleton, which helps the cell resist deformation and contributes to cellular movement. This structural role is important for the overall functionality and stability of the cell.