Table of contents

1. Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology5h 43m
2. Cell Chemistry & Cell Components12h 36m
3. Energy & Cell Processes10h 6m
4. Tissues & Histology10h 3m
5. Integumentary System2h 20m
6. Bones & Skeletal Tissue2h 16m
7. The Skeletal System2h 35m
8. Joints2h 17m
9. Muscle Tissue2h 33m
10. Muscles1h 11m
11. Nervous Tissue and Nervous System1h 35m
12. The Central Nervous System1h 6m
- Introduction to the Central Nervous System
  18m
- The Cerebrum
  48m
13. The Peripheral Nervous System1h 26m
14. The Autonomic Nervous System1h 38m
15. The Special Senses2h 41m
16. The Endocrine System2h 48m
17. The Blood3h 22m
18. The Heart3h 42m
19. The Blood Vessels3h 35m
20. The Lymphatic System3h 16m
21. The Immune System14h 37m
22. The Respiratory System3h 20m
23. The Digestive System2h 5m
24. Metabolism and Nutrition4h 0m
25. The Urinary System2h 39m
26. Fluid and Electrolyte Balance, Acid Base Balance37m
27. The Reproductive System2h 5m
28. Human Development1h 21m
29. Heredity3h 32m

26. Fluid and Electrolyte Balance, Acid Base Balance

Fluid Balance

Anatomy & Physiology

26. Fluid and Electrolyte Balance, Acid Base Balance

Fluid Balance

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2:03 minutes

Problem 10

Textbook Question

Substance regulated by ADH's effects on the renal tubules is:
a. Ammonium ions
b. Bicarbonate
c. Calcium
d. Chloride
e. Hydrogen ions
f. Magnesium
g. Phosphate
h. Potassium
i. Sodium
j. Water

Verified step by step guidance

Step 1: Understand the role of ADH (antidiuretic hormone) in the body. ADH primarily regulates water balance by acting on the renal tubules to increase water reabsorption.

Step 2: Recall that ADH targets the collecting ducts and distal tubules in the kidneys, making them more permeable to water. This allows water to be reabsorbed back into the bloodstream, reducing urine output.

Step 3: Identify the substance directly affected by ADH's action. Since ADH regulates water reabsorption, the substance in question must be water.

Step 4: Eliminate other options from the list provided (e.g., ions like sodium, potassium, or chloride) as they are not directly regulated by ADH but may be influenced indirectly through other mechanisms.

Step 5: Confirm that the correct response is 'water,' as it is the substance regulated by ADH's effects on the renal tubules.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)

Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH), also known as vasopressin, is a hormone produced by the hypothalamus and released by the posterior pituitary gland. It plays a crucial role in regulating water balance in the body by increasing water reabsorption in the renal tubules of the kidneys. When ADH levels are high, the kidneys retain more water, leading to concentrated urine and reduced urine output.

Renal Tubules

Renal tubules are the microscopic structures in the kidneys where the filtration of blood occurs and the reabsorption of water and solutes takes place. They consist of several segments, including the proximal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle, and distal convoluted tubule. The action of ADH primarily affects the collecting ducts within the renal tubules, enhancing their permeability to water.

Water Regulation

Water regulation in the body is essential for maintaining homeostasis, which includes the balance of electrolytes and fluid levels. The kidneys play a pivotal role in this process by filtering blood and adjusting the amount of water excreted in urine. ADH is a key player in this regulation, as it signals the kidneys to conserve water when the body is dehydrated, thus influencing overall fluid balance.