Textbook Question
Two substances regulated by parathyroid hormone are:
a. Ammonium ions
b. Bicarbonate
c. Calcium
d. Chloride
e. Hydrogen ions
f. Magnesium
g. Phosphate
h. Potassium
i. Sodium
j. Water
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26. Fluid and Electrolyte Balance, Acid Base Balance
Fluid Balance
1:36 minutesProblem 13
Textbook Question
Name the body fluid compartments, noting their locations and the approximate fluid volume in each.
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Understand that the body fluid compartments are divided into two main categories: intracellular fluid (ICF) and extracellular fluid (ECF). These compartments are separated by cell membranes and are essential for maintaining homeostasis.
Step 2: Define the intracellular fluid (ICF) compartment. This is the fluid located within the cells and makes up approximately 2/3 of the total body water. It is the largest fluid compartment in the body.
Step 3: Define the extracellular fluid (ECF) compartment. This is the fluid located outside the cells and makes up approximately 1/3 of the total body water. The ECF is further divided into two sub-compartments: interstitial fluid and plasma.
Step 4: Describe the interstitial fluid, which is part of the ECF. It surrounds the cells and accounts for about 75% of the ECF volume. It acts as a medium for the exchange of nutrients and waste between cells and blood.
Step 5: Describe the plasma, which is the liquid portion of blood and accounts for about 25% of the ECF volume. Plasma is found within blood vessels and plays a critical role in transporting nutrients, hormones, and waste products throughout the body.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Body Fluid Compartments
The human body is divided into two main fluid compartments: intracellular fluid (ICF) and extracellular fluid (ECF). The ICF is the fluid within cells, making up about 60% of total body water, while the ECF is found outside cells, comprising about 40% of total body water. The ECF is further divided into interstitial fluid and plasma.
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Intracellular Fluid (ICF)
Intracellular fluid refers to the fluid contained within the cells of the body. It accounts for approximately 25 liters in an average adult, representing about two-thirds of total body water. This fluid is crucial for cellular processes, including nutrient transport, waste removal, and maintaining cell structure.
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Extracellular Fluid (ECF)
Extracellular fluid is the fluid outside of cells, which includes interstitial fluid and plasma. It typically comprises about 15 liters in an average adult, or one-third of total body water. The ECF plays a vital role in transporting nutrients, hormones, and waste products between cells and the bloodstream.
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