Table of contents

1. Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology5h 43m
2. Cell Chemistry & Cell Components12h 36m
3. Energy & Cell Processes10h 6m
4. Tissues & Histology10h 3m
5. Integumentary System2h 20m
6. Bones & Skeletal Tissue2h 16m
7. The Skeletal System2h 35m
8. Joints2h 17m
9. Muscle Tissue2h 33m
10. Muscles1h 11m
11. Nervous Tissue and Nervous System1h 35m
12. The Central Nervous System1h 6m
- Introduction to the Central Nervous System
  18m
- The Cerebrum
  48m
13. The Peripheral Nervous System1h 26m
14. The Autonomic Nervous System1h 38m
15. The Special Senses2h 41m
16. The Endocrine System2h 48m
17. The Blood3h 22m
18. The Heart3h 42m
19. The Blood Vessels3h 35m
20. The Lymphatic System3h 16m
21. The Immune System14h 37m
22. The Respiratory System3h 20m
23. The Digestive System2h 5m
24. Metabolism and Nutrition4h 0m
25. The Urinary System2h 39m
26. Fluid and Electrolyte Balance, Acid Base Balance37m
27. The Reproductive System2h 5m
28. Human Development1h 21m
29. Heredity3h 32m

14. The Autonomic Nervous System

Introduction to the Autonomic Nervous System

Anatomy & Physiology

14. The Autonomic Nervous System

Introduction to the Autonomic Nervous System

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Multiple Choice

During the primary assessment of a semiconscious 70-year-old patient, which sign would most likely indicate increased activity of the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system?

Increased salivation

Dilated pupils

Constricted airways

Decreased heart rate

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Verified step by step guidance

Understand the role of the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system (ANS). The sympathetic division is responsible for the 'fight or flight' response, which prepares the body to respond to stress or danger. It generally increases heart rate, dilates pupils, relaxes airways, and decreases salivation.

Analyze each option provided in the question to determine which aligns with increased sympathetic activity. Increased salivation is associated with the parasympathetic division, which promotes 'rest and digest' functions, so this is not correct.

Evaluate the option 'Dilated pupils.' Pupil dilation is a hallmark of sympathetic activation, as it allows more light to enter the eyes, improving vision in stressful situations. This is a strong indicator of increased sympathetic activity.

Consider the option 'Constricted airways.' Sympathetic activation typically relaxes airways to improve airflow, so constricted airways would not indicate increased sympathetic activity.

Assess the option 'Decreased heart rate.' Sympathetic activation increases heart rate to pump more blood to muscles and vital organs during stress, so decreased heart rate is not consistent with increased sympathetic activity.