Table of contents

1. Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology5h 43m
2. Cell Chemistry & Cell Components12h 36m
3. Energy & Cell Processes10h 6m
4. Tissues & Histology10h 3m
5. Integumentary System2h 20m
6. Bones & Skeletal Tissue2h 16m
7. The Skeletal System2h 35m
8. Joints2h 17m
9. Muscle Tissue2h 33m
10. Muscles1h 11m
11. Nervous Tissue and Nervous System1h 35m
12. The Central Nervous System1h 6m
- Introduction to the Central Nervous System
  18m
- The Cerebrum
  48m
13. The Peripheral Nervous System1h 26m
14. The Autonomic Nervous System1h 38m
15. The Special Senses2h 41m
16. The Endocrine System2h 48m
17. The Blood3h 22m
18. The Heart3h 42m
19. The Blood Vessels3h 35m
20. The Lymphatic System3h 16m
21. The Immune System14h 37m
22. The Respiratory System3h 20m
23. The Digestive System2h 5m
24. Metabolism and Nutrition4h 0m
25. The Urinary System2h 39m
26. Fluid and Electrolyte Balance, Acid Base Balance37m
27. The Reproductive System2h 5m
28. Human Development1h 21m
29. Heredity3h 32m

25. The Urinary System

Introduction to the Urinary System

Anatomy & Physiology

25. The Urinary System

Introduction to the Urinary System

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Multiple Choice

The nurse recognizes that acute renal injury is characterized by which of the following?

Formation of kidney stones without affecting kidney function

Excessive urine output with no change in blood waste levels

A gradual loss of kidney function over several years

A rapid decline in kidney function resulting in the accumulation of waste products

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Verified step by step guidance

Step 1: Understand the term 'acute renal injury' (also known as acute kidney injury, AKI). It refers to a sudden and rapid decline in kidney function, which can occur over hours or days. This condition leads to the accumulation of waste products in the blood because the kidneys are unable to filter them effectively.

Step 2: Eliminate incorrect options by analyzing their descriptions. For example, 'Formation of kidney stones without affecting kidney function' is not characteristic of acute renal injury, as kidney stones are a separate condition and do not necessarily lead to a rapid decline in kidney function.

Step 3: Evaluate the option 'Excessive urine output with no change in blood waste levels.' This is incorrect because acute renal injury often results in reduced urine output (oliguria) or even no urine output (anuria), along with elevated levels of waste products in the blood.

Step 4: Consider the option 'A gradual loss of kidney function over several years.' This describes chronic kidney disease (CKD), not acute renal injury. Acute renal injury is characterized by a rapid onset, not a gradual progression.

Step 5: Confirm the correct answer: 'A rapid decline in kidney function resulting in the accumulation of waste products.' This aligns with the definition of acute renal injury, where the kidneys fail to filter waste products effectively, leading to their buildup in the blood.