Table of contents

1. Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology5h 43m
2. Cell Chemistry & Cell Components12h 36m
3. Energy & Cell Processes10h 6m
4. Tissues & Histology10h 3m
5. Integumentary System2h 20m
6. Bones & Skeletal Tissue2h 16m
7. The Skeletal System2h 35m
8. Joints2h 17m
9. Muscle Tissue2h 33m
10. Muscles1h 11m
11. Nervous Tissue and Nervous System1h 35m
12. The Central Nervous System1h 6m
- Introduction to the Central Nervous System
  18m
- The Cerebrum
  48m
13. The Peripheral Nervous System1h 26m
14. The Autonomic Nervous System1h 38m
15. The Special Senses2h 41m
16. The Endocrine System2h 48m
17. The Blood3h 22m
18. The Heart3h 42m
19. The Blood Vessels3h 35m
20. The Lymphatic System3h 16m
21. The Immune System14h 37m
22. The Respiratory System3h 20m
23. The Digestive System2h 5m
24. Metabolism and Nutrition4h 0m
25. The Urinary System2h 39m
26. Fluid and Electrolyte Balance, Acid Base Balance37m
27. The Reproductive System2h 5m
28. Human Development1h 21m
29. Heredity3h 32m

5. Integumentary System

Introduction to the Integumentary System

Anatomy & Physiology

5. Integumentary System

Introduction to the Integumentary System

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Multiple Choice

A patient has a positive Chvostek sign. The nurse interprets this as a sign of which of the following conditions?

Hyperkalemia

Hypernatremia

Hypocalcemia

Hypoglycemia

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Verified step by step guidance

Understand the Chvostek sign: It is a clinical test where tapping on the facial nerve near the cheek causes twitching of the facial muscles. This indicates neuromuscular excitability, often associated with electrolyte imbalances.

Recall the role of calcium in the body: Calcium is essential for stabilizing nerve and muscle function. Low calcium levels (hypocalcemia) increase neuromuscular excitability, leading to symptoms like muscle twitching or spasms.

Differentiate hypocalcemia from other conditions: Hyperkalemia (high potassium) affects cardiac and muscle function but does not typically cause facial twitching. Hypernatremia (high sodium) primarily impacts fluid balance and neurological symptoms like confusion. Hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) causes symptoms like dizziness and sweating, not neuromuscular excitability.

Connect hypocalcemia to the Chvostek sign: Hypocalcemia lowers the threshold for nerve activation, making the facial nerve more sensitive to stimulation, which explains the positive Chvostek sign.

Conclude that hypocalcemia is the correct interpretation of a positive Chvostek sign, as it directly correlates with increased neuromuscular excitability observed in this condition.