Table of contents

1. Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology5h 43m
2. Cell Chemistry & Cell Components12h 36m
3. Energy & Cell Processes10h 6m
4. Tissues & Histology10h 3m
5. Integumentary System2h 20m
6. Bones & Skeletal Tissue2h 16m
7. The Skeletal System2h 35m
8. Joints2h 17m
9. Muscle Tissue2h 33m
10. Muscles1h 11m
11. Nervous Tissue and Nervous System1h 35m
12. The Central Nervous System1h 6m
- Introduction to the Central Nervous System
  18m
- The Cerebrum
  48m
13. The Peripheral Nervous System1h 26m
14. The Autonomic Nervous System1h 38m
15. The Special Senses2h 41m
16. The Endocrine System2h 48m
17. The Blood3h 22m
18. The Heart3h 42m
19. The Blood Vessels3h 35m
20. The Lymphatic System3h 16m
21. The Immune System14h 37m
22. The Respiratory System3h 20m
23. The Digestive System2h 5m
24. Metabolism and Nutrition4h 0m
25. The Urinary System2h 39m
26. Fluid and Electrolyte Balance, Acid Base Balance37m
27. The Reproductive System2h 5m
28. Human Development1h 21m
29. Heredity3h 32m

2. Cell Chemistry & Cell Components

Prokaryotic & Eukaryotic Cells

Anatomy & Physiology

2. Cell Chemistry & Cell Components

Prokaryotic & Eukaryotic Cells

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4:53 minutes

Problem 15

Textbook Question

Name the cellular organelles, and explain the function of each.

Verified step by step guidance

Identify the major cellular organelles found in eukaryotic cells, such as the nucleus, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, peroxisomes, and ribosomes.

Describe the nucleus as the control center of the cell, containing DNA and regulating gene expression and cellular activities.

Explain the function of mitochondria as the powerhouse of the cell, responsible for producing ATP through cellular respiration.

Discuss the role of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), differentiating between the rough ER (involved in protein synthesis due to ribosomes) and the smooth ER (involved in lipid synthesis and detoxification).

Describe the Golgi apparatus as the organelle responsible for modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins and lipids for transport within or outside the cell.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Cellular Organelles

Cellular organelles are specialized structures within a cell that perform distinct functions necessary for the cell's survival and operation. Examples include the nucleus, which houses genetic material, and mitochondria, known as the powerhouse of the cell for energy production. Understanding these organelles is crucial for grasping how cells maintain homeostasis and carry out metabolic processes.

Nucleus

The nucleus is a membrane-bound organelle that contains the cell's genetic material (DNA) and is responsible for regulating gene expression and cell division. It acts as the control center of the cell, coordinating activities such as growth, metabolism, and reproduction. The presence of a nuclear envelope protects the DNA from damage and allows for the organization of genetic information.

Mitochondria

Mitochondria are double-membraned organelles often referred to as the 'powerhouses' of the cell because they generate adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the primary energy currency of the cell, through cellular respiration. They also play roles in regulating metabolism, apoptosis (programmed cell death), and maintaining cellular health. Their unique structure, including inner folds called cristae, increases surface area for energy production.