Table of contents

1. Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology5h 43m
2. Cell Chemistry & Cell Components12h 36m
3. Energy & Cell Processes10h 6m
4. Tissues & Histology10h 3m
5. Integumentary System2h 20m
6. Bones & Skeletal Tissue2h 16m
7. The Skeletal System2h 35m
8. Joints2h 17m
9. Muscle Tissue2h 33m
10. Muscles1h 11m
11. Nervous Tissue and Nervous System1h 35m
12. The Central Nervous System1h 6m
- Introduction to the Central Nervous System
  18m
- The Cerebrum
  48m
13. The Peripheral Nervous System1h 26m
14. The Autonomic Nervous System1h 38m
15. The Special Senses2h 41m
16. The Endocrine System2h 48m
17. The Blood3h 22m
18. The Heart3h 42m
19. The Blood Vessels3h 35m
20. The Lymphatic System3h 16m
21. The Immune System14h 37m
22. The Respiratory System3h 20m
23. The Digestive System2h 5m
24. Metabolism and Nutrition4h 0m
25. The Urinary System2h 39m
26. Fluid and Electrolyte Balance, Acid Base Balance37m
27. The Reproductive System2h 5m
28. Human Development1h 21m
29. Heredity3h 32m

21. The Immune System

Phagocytosis

Anatomy & Physiology

21. The Immune System

Phagocytosis

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Multiple Choice

Which of the following statements regarding phagocyte recognition of pathogens is true?

Phagocytes recognize pathogens only after they have been marked by antibodies.

Phagocytes recognize pathogens through pattern recognition receptors that bind to pathogen-associated molecular patterns.

Phagocytes recognize pathogens by directly binding to their DNA sequences.

Phagocytes recognize pathogens through the release of cytokines by the pathogens.

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Verified step by step guidance

Understand the role of phagocytes in the immune system: Phagocytes are a type of immune cell responsible for engulfing and digesting cellular debris and pathogens.

Learn about pattern recognition receptors (PRRs): These are molecules on the surface of phagocytes that can identify common structures on pathogens known as pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs).

Recognize that antibodies are not always required for phagocyte recognition: While antibodies can enhance phagocytosis through opsonization, phagocytes can also recognize pathogens directly through PRRs.

Differentiate between direct DNA binding and PAMP recognition: Phagocytes do not typically recognize pathogens by binding directly to their DNA; instead, they use PRRs to detect PAMPs.

Clarify the role of cytokines: Cytokines are signaling molecules that can modulate immune responses, but they are not the primary means by which phagocytes recognize pathogens.