Multiple Choice
What is the master gland of the endocrine system?
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16. The Endocrine System
The Hypothalamus and Pituitary Gland
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Which of the following is a hormone released by the posterior pituitary?
A
Prolactin
B
Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone
C
Oxytocin
D
Growth Hormone
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the role of the posterior pituitary gland: The posterior pituitary, also known as the neurohypophysis, is responsible for storing and releasing hormones produced by the hypothalamus.
Identify the hormones associated with the posterior pituitary: The two main hormones released by the posterior pituitary are oxytocin and vasopressin (also known as antidiuretic hormone, ADH).
Differentiate between anterior and posterior pituitary hormones: The anterior pituitary releases hormones such as prolactin, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), and growth hormone, which are not stored in the posterior pituitary.
Recognize oxytocin's functions: Oxytocin is involved in childbirth and lactation, promoting uterine contractions and milk ejection, respectively.
Conclude that oxytocin is the hormone released by the posterior pituitary, as it is one of the two hormones stored and released by this gland.
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