Table of contents

1. Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology5h 43m
2. Cell Chemistry & Cell Components12h 36m
3. Energy & Cell Processes10h 6m
4. Tissues & Histology10h 3m
5. Integumentary System2h 20m
6. Bones & Skeletal Tissue2h 16m
7. The Skeletal System2h 35m
8. Joints2h 17m
9. Muscle Tissue2h 33m
10. Muscles1h 11m
11. Nervous Tissue and Nervous System1h 35m
12. The Central Nervous System1h 6m
- Introduction to the Central Nervous System
  18m
- The Cerebrum
  48m
13. The Peripheral Nervous System1h 26m
14. The Autonomic Nervous System1h 38m
15. The Special Senses2h 41m
16. The Endocrine System2h 48m
17. The Blood3h 22m
18. The Heart3h 42m
19. The Blood Vessels3h 35m
20. The Lymphatic System3h 16m
21. The Immune System14h 37m
22. The Respiratory System3h 20m
23. The Digestive System2h 5m
24. Metabolism and Nutrition4h 0m
25. The Urinary System2h 39m
26. Fluid and Electrolyte Balance, Acid Base Balance37m
27. The Reproductive System2h 5m
28. Human Development1h 21m
29. Heredity3h 32m

2. Cell Chemistry & Cell Components

Carbohydrates

Anatomy & Physiology

2. Cell Chemistry & Cell Components

Carbohydrates

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1:48 minutes

Problem 5

Textbook Question

Glucose is to starch as:
a. A steroid is to a lipid
b. A nucleotide is to a nucleic acid
c. An amino acid is to a protein
d. A polypeptide is to an amino acid

Verified step by step guidance

Step 1: Understand the relationship between glucose and starch. Glucose is a monosaccharide (simple sugar), and starch is a polysaccharide (complex carbohydrate) made up of many glucose molecules linked together. This relationship is one of a building block (monomer) to a larger structure (polymer).

Step 2: Analyze option (a): A steroid is a type of lipid, but steroids are not the building blocks of lipids. Lipids are composed of glycerol and fatty acids, so this option does not represent a monomer-to-polymer relationship.

Step 3: Analyze option (b): A nucleotide is the monomer (building block) of nucleic acids, such as DNA and RNA. This matches the monomer-to-polymer relationship seen between glucose and starch.

Step 4: Analyze option (c): An amino acid is the monomer (building block) of proteins. Proteins are polymers made up of chains of amino acids, which also matches the monomer-to-polymer relationship seen between glucose and starch.

Step 5: Analyze option (d): A polypeptide is a chain of amino acids, which is a polymer, while an amino acid is a monomer. This does not represent a monomer-to-polymer relationship but rather the reverse, so this option is incorrect.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Monomers and Polymers

Monomers are the basic building blocks of larger molecules known as polymers. In the context of the question, glucose is a monomer that combines to form the polymer starch. Understanding this relationship is crucial for recognizing how smaller units can assemble into complex structures in biological systems.

Biomolecules

Biomolecules are organic molecules that are essential for life, including carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. Each type of biomolecule has specific functions and structures. The question compares glucose and starch, which are both carbohydrates, highlighting the relationship between simple sugars and their complex forms.

Structural Relationships

Structural relationships in biology refer to how smaller units relate to larger structures. For example, just as glucose relates to starch, other biomolecules have similar relationships, such as amino acids to proteins. Recognizing these relationships helps in understanding the organization and function of biological macromolecules.

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Related Practice

Textbook Question

A triglyceride consists of:

a. Glycerol plus three fatty acids

b. A sugar-phosphate backbone to which two amino groups are attached

c. Two to several hexoses

d. Amino acids that have been thoroughly saturated with hydrogen

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Textbook Question

The lipid(s) used as the basis of vitamin D, sex hormones, and bile salts is/are:

a. Triglycerides

b. Cholesterol

c. Phospholipids

d. Prostaglandin

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Textbook Question

A chemist, during the course of an analysis, runs across a chemical composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in the proportion 1:2:1 and having a six-sided molecular shape. It is probably:

a. A pentose

b. An amino acid

c. A fatty acid

d. A monosaccharide

e. A nucleic acid

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Textbook Question

How many moles of aspirin, C₉H₈O₄, are in a bottle containing 450 g by weight? (Note: The approximate atomic weights of its atoms are C = 12, H = 1, and O = 16.)

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Textbook Question

What lipid type is stored in fat deposits beneath the skin?

a. Triglyceride

b. Steroid

c. Vitamin D

d. Phospholipid

e. Prostaglandin

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Textbook Question

Absence of which of the following nitrogen-containing bases would prevent RNA synthesis?

a. Adenine