Table of contents

1. Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology5h 43m
2. Cell Chemistry & Cell Components12h 36m
3. Energy & Cell Processes10h 6m
4. Tissues & Histology10h 3m
5. Integumentary System2h 20m
6. Bones & Skeletal Tissue2h 16m
7. The Skeletal System2h 35m
8. Joints2h 17m
9. Muscle Tissue2h 33m
10. Muscles1h 11m
11. Nervous Tissue and Nervous System1h 35m
12. The Central Nervous System1h 6m
- Introduction to the Central Nervous System
  18m
- The Cerebrum
  48m
13. The Peripheral Nervous System1h 26m
14. The Autonomic Nervous System1h 38m
15. The Special Senses2h 41m
16. The Endocrine System2h 48m
17. The Blood3h 22m
18. The Heart3h 42m
19. The Blood Vessels3h 35m
20. The Lymphatic System3h 16m
21. The Immune System14h 37m
22. The Respiratory System3h 20m
23. The Digestive System2h 5m
24. Metabolism and Nutrition4h 0m
25. The Urinary System2h 39m
26. Fluid and Electrolyte Balance, Acid Base Balance37m
27. The Reproductive System2h 5m
28. Human Development1h 21m
29. Heredity3h 32m

16. The Endocrine System

Introduction to the Endocrine System

Anatomy & Physiology

16. The Endocrine System

Introduction to the Endocrine System

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Multiple Choice

Which of the following is a sign of hypoparathyroidism?

Excessive sweating

High blood calcium levels

Increased heart rate

Muscle cramps and spasms

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Verified step by step guidance

Understand the role of the parathyroid glands: These glands are responsible for regulating calcium levels in the blood through the secretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH).

Recognize the symptoms of hypoparathyroidism: This condition occurs when the parathyroid glands produce insufficient amounts of PTH, leading to low blood calcium levels.

Identify the physiological effects of low calcium levels: Calcium is crucial for muscle contraction, nerve function, and blood clotting. Low calcium levels can lead to neuromuscular symptoms.

Connect low calcium levels to muscle cramps and spasms: Insufficient calcium can cause increased neuromuscular excitability, resulting in symptoms such as muscle cramps and spasms.

Differentiate hypoparathyroidism symptoms from other conditions: Unlike excessive sweating, high blood calcium levels, or increased heart rate, muscle cramps and spasms are directly linked to low calcium levels due to hypoparathyroidism.