Table of contents

1. Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology5h 43m
2. Cell Chemistry & Cell Components12h 36m
3. Energy & Cell Processes10h 6m
4. Tissues & Histology10h 3m
5. Integumentary System2h 20m
6. Bones & Skeletal Tissue2h 16m
7. The Skeletal System2h 35m
8. Joints2h 17m
9. Muscle Tissue2h 33m
10. Muscles1h 11m
11. Nervous Tissue and Nervous System1h 35m
12. The Central Nervous System1h 6m
- Introduction to the Central Nervous System
  18m
- The Cerebrum
  48m
13. The Peripheral Nervous System1h 26m
14. The Autonomic Nervous System1h 38m
15. The Special Senses2h 41m
16. The Endocrine System2h 48m
17. The Blood3h 22m
18. The Heart3h 42m
19. The Blood Vessels3h 35m
20. The Lymphatic System3h 16m
21. The Immune System14h 37m
22. The Respiratory System3h 20m
23. The Digestive System2h 5m
24. Metabolism and Nutrition4h 0m
25. The Urinary System2h 39m
26. Fluid and Electrolyte Balance, Acid Base Balance37m
27. The Reproductive System2h 5m
28. Human Development1h 21m
29. Heredity3h 32m

21. The Immune System

Introduction to Adaptive Immunity

Anatomy & Physiology

21. The Immune System

Introduction to Adaptive Immunity

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Multiple Choice

Which of the following describes a requirement for immunological memory to be sustained?

Constant activation of naive T cells

Long-lived memory cells

Continuous exposure to the same antigen

High levels of circulating antibodies

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Verified step by step guidance

Understand the concept of immunological memory: Immunological memory is the ability of the immune system to respond more rapidly and effectively to pathogens that have been encountered previously. This is a key feature of the adaptive immune system.

Identify the role of memory cells: Memory cells are a type of lymphocyte that remain in the body after an initial infection has been cleared. They are responsible for the rapid and robust response upon re-exposure to the same antigen.

Evaluate the options: Consider each option in terms of its role in sustaining immunological memory. Constant activation of naive T cells and continuous exposure to the same antigen are not necessary for maintaining memory. High levels of circulating antibodies are a result of memory but not a requirement for sustaining it.

Focus on long-lived memory cells: Long-lived memory cells, such as memory T cells and memory B cells, are crucial for sustaining immunological memory. They persist in the body for years and can quickly expand and differentiate into effector cells upon re-exposure to the antigen.

Conclude with the correct requirement: The presence of long-lived memory cells is essential for the maintenance of immunological memory, as they ensure a swift and effective immune response upon subsequent encounters with the same pathogen.