Table of contents

1. Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology5h 43m
2. Cell Chemistry & Cell Components12h 36m
3. Energy & Cell Processes10h 6m
4. Tissues & Histology10h 3m
5. Integumentary System2h 20m
6. Bones & Skeletal Tissue2h 16m
7. The Skeletal System2h 35m
8. Joints2h 17m
9. Muscle Tissue2h 33m
10. Muscles1h 11m
11. Nervous Tissue and Nervous System1h 35m
12. The Central Nervous System1h 6m
- Introduction to the Central Nervous System
  18m
- The Cerebrum
  48m
13. The Peripheral Nervous System1h 26m
14. The Autonomic Nervous System1h 38m
15. The Special Senses2h 41m
16. The Endocrine System2h 48m
17. The Blood3h 22m
18. The Heart3h 42m
19. The Blood Vessels3h 35m
20. The Lymphatic System3h 16m
21. The Immune System14h 37m
22. The Respiratory System3h 20m
23. The Digestive System2h 5m
24. Metabolism and Nutrition4h 0m
25. The Urinary System2h 39m
26. Fluid and Electrolyte Balance, Acid Base Balance37m
27. The Reproductive System2h 5m
28. Human Development1h 21m
29. Heredity3h 32m

8. Joints

Joint Movements

Anatomy & Physiology

8. Joints

Joint Movements

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1:35 minutes

Problem 9

Textbook Question

Joint movements may be nonaxial, uniaxial, biaxial, or multiaxial. Define what each of these terms means.

Verified step by step guidance

Nonaxial movement refers to joint motion that does not occur around an axis. Instead, the movement is gliding or sliding, such as the motion between the carpal bones in the wrist.

Uniaxial movement occurs around a single axis. This type of joint allows movement in one plane, such as flexion and extension in the hinge joint of the elbow.

Biaxial movement occurs around two axes, allowing movement in two planes. For example, the wrist joint permits flexion-extension and radial-ulnar deviation.

Multiaxial movement occurs around multiple axes, allowing movement in multiple planes. The ball-and-socket joints, such as the shoulder and hip, allow flexion-extension, abduction-adduction, and rotation.

These classifications help describe the range and type of motion possible at different joints, which is essential for understanding biomechanics and functional anatomy.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Nonaxial Joint Movement

Nonaxial joint movement refers to joints that do not allow for any significant movement around an axis. Instead, these joints permit gliding or sliding movements, such as those found in the joints of the wrist (carpals). They are characterized by a lack of rotational movement and are primarily involved in providing stability and flexibility.

Uniaxial Joint Movement

Uniaxial joint movement involves joints that allow motion around a single axis. This type of movement is typically seen in hinge joints, like the elbow, which permit flexion and extension. Another example is the pivot joint, such as the one between the first and second cervical vertebrae, allowing rotation around a single axis.

Biaxial and Multiaxial Joint Movement

Biaxial joint movement allows motion around two axes, enabling movements such as flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction, as seen in the wrist (condyloid joints). Multiaxial joint movement permits movement around multiple axes, allowing for a wide range of motion in various directions, exemplified by ball-and-socket joints like the shoulder and hip, which facilitate rotation and circumduction.