Table of contents

1. Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology5h 43m
2. Cell Chemistry & Cell Components12h 36m
3. Energy & Cell Processes10h 6m
4. Tissues & Histology10h 3m
5. Integumentary System2h 20m
6. Bones & Skeletal Tissue2h 16m
7. The Skeletal System2h 35m
8. Joints2h 17m
9. Muscle Tissue2h 33m
10. Muscles1h 11m
11. Nervous Tissue and Nervous System1h 35m
12. The Central Nervous System1h 6m
- Introduction to the Central Nervous System
  18m
- The Cerebrum
  48m
13. The Peripheral Nervous System1h 26m
14. The Autonomic Nervous System1h 38m
15. The Special Senses2h 41m
16. The Endocrine System2h 48m
17. The Blood3h 22m
18. The Heart3h 42m
19. The Blood Vessels3h 35m
20. The Lymphatic System3h 16m
21. The Immune System14h 37m
22. The Respiratory System3h 20m
23. The Digestive System2h 5m
24. Metabolism and Nutrition4h 0m
25. The Urinary System2h 39m
26. Fluid and Electrolyte Balance, Acid Base Balance37m
27. The Reproductive System2h 5m
28. Human Development1h 21m
29. Heredity3h 32m

16. The Endocrine System

Introduction to the Endocrine System

Anatomy & Physiology

16. The Endocrine System

Introduction to the Endocrine System

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Multiple Choice

Which of the following is a common endocrine-related cause of chronic hypertension?

Decreased insulin production

Hyposecretion of thyroid hormones

Increased melatonin release

Hypersecretion of aldosterone

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Verified step by step guidance

Understand the role of aldosterone in the body: Aldosterone is a hormone secreted by the adrenal glands that helps regulate blood pressure by controlling sodium and water balance in the kidneys. Hypersecretion of aldosterone leads to increased sodium retention, which causes water retention and raises blood pressure.

Review the connection between chronic hypertension and endocrine disorders: Chronic hypertension can result from hormonal imbalances that affect fluid and electrolyte balance or vascular resistance. Hypersecretion of aldosterone is a common endocrine-related cause because it directly impacts these factors.

Eliminate incorrect options: Decreased insulin production primarily affects glucose metabolism and is associated with diabetes, not chronic hypertension. Hyposecretion of thyroid hormones (hypothyroidism) typically leads to low blood pressure rather than high blood pressure. Increased melatonin release is related to sleep regulation and does not significantly impact blood pressure.

Focus on the correct answer: Hypersecretion of aldosterone increases sodium and water retention, leading to higher blood volume and chronic hypertension. This condition is often associated with disorders like primary aldosteronism (Conn's syndrome).

Summarize the physiological mechanism: Hypersecretion of aldosterone causes an imbalance in fluid and electrolyte homeostasis, leading to increased blood volume and vascular resistance, which are key contributors to chronic hypertension.