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Multiple Choice
Which action would involve the greatest transfer of heat?
A
Changing the temperature of 1 g of water from 10°C to 90°C
B
Cooling 10 g of water from 80°C to 40°C
C
Evaporating 1 g of water at 25°C
D
Condensing 5 g of steam to liquid water
Verified step by step guidance
1
Understand that heat transfer involves changes in temperature or phase of a substance. In this problem, we are comparing the heat transfer involved in changing temperature and phase of water.
Calculate the heat required to change the temperature of 1 g of water from 10°C to 90°C using the formula: \( q = m \cdot c \cdot \Delta T \), where \( q \) is the heat absorbed or released, \( m \) is the mass, \( c \) is the specific heat capacity of water (4.18 J/g°C), and \( \Delta T \) is the change in temperature.
Calculate the heat released when cooling 10 g of water from 80°C to 40°C using the same formula: \( q = m \cdot c \cdot \Delta T \).
Calculate the heat required to evaporate 1 g of water at 25°C using the formula: \( q = m \cdot L_v \), where \( L_v \) is the latent heat of vaporization for water (approximately 2260 J/g).
Compare the calculated heat values for each process. The process with the greatest heat transfer will involve the largest value of \( q \). Note that condensing steam to liquid water involves a phase change, which typically involves a significant amount of heat transfer due to the latent heat of condensation.