Textbook Question
Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.
Surface barriers contain substances in their secretions that kill pathogens and deter their growth.
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21. The Immune System
Physical Barriers in First-Line Defenses: Mucous Membrane
Multiple Choice
Which of the following is/are NOT a surface barrier to pathogen influx?
A
complement cascade
B
mucous membranes
C
skin secretions
D
saliva and tears
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the concept of surface barriers: Surface barriers are the first line of defense in the immune system, preventing pathogens from entering the body. They include physical and chemical barriers such as skin, mucous membranes, and secretions.
Identify the options given: The options provided are complement cascade, mucous membranes, skin secretions, and saliva and tears.
Evaluate each option: Determine which of these options function as surface barriers. Mucous membranes, skin secretions, and saliva and tears are all physical or chemical barriers that prevent pathogen entry.
Understand the role of complement cascade: The complement cascade is part of the immune system but functions as a series of proteins that enhance the ability of antibodies and phagocytic cells to clear pathogens, rather than acting as a surface barrier.
Conclude which option is not a surface barrier: Based on the evaluation, identify that the complement cascade is not a surface barrier to pathogen influx.
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