Table of contents

1. Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology5h 43m
2. Cell Chemistry & Cell Components12h 36m
3. Energy & Cell Processes10h 6m
4. Tissues & Histology10h 3m
5. Integumentary System2h 20m
6. Bones & Skeletal Tissue2h 16m
7. The Skeletal System2h 35m
8. Joints2h 17m
9. Muscle Tissue2h 33m
10. Muscles1h 11m
11. Nervous Tissue and Nervous System1h 35m
12. The Central Nervous System1h 6m
- Introduction to the Central Nervous System
  18m
- The Cerebrum
  48m
13. The Peripheral Nervous System1h 26m
14. The Autonomic Nervous System1h 38m
15. The Special Senses2h 41m
16. The Endocrine System2h 48m
17. The Blood3h 22m
18. The Heart3h 42m
19. The Blood Vessels3h 35m
20. The Lymphatic System3h 16m
21. The Immune System14h 37m
22. The Respiratory System3h 20m
23. The Digestive System2h 5m
24. Metabolism and Nutrition4h 0m
25. The Urinary System2h 39m
26. Fluid and Electrolyte Balance, Acid Base Balance37m
27. The Reproductive System2h 5m
28. Human Development1h 21m
29. Heredity3h 32m

3. Energy & Cell Processes

Chemical Reactions

Anatomy & Physiology

3. Energy & Cell Processes

Chemical Reactions

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Problem 5

Textbook Question

Which of the following statements correctly describes any chemical reaction that has reached equilibrium?(A)The concentrations of products and reactants are equal.(B)The reaction is now irreversible.(C)Both forward and reverse reactions have halted.(D)The rates of the forward and reverse reactions are equal.

Verified step by step guidance

Identify the definition of chemical equilibrium in a reaction.

Understand that at equilibrium, the rate of the forward reaction equals the rate of the reverse reaction.

Recognize that equilibrium does not imply equal concentrations of reactants and products.

Note that at equilibrium, reactions are still occurring, but there is no net change in concentrations.

Conclude that the correct statement is the one describing equal rates of forward and reverse reactions.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Chemical Equilibrium

Chemical equilibrium is a state in a reversible reaction where the concentrations of reactants and products remain constant over time. This does not mean that the reactants and products are equal in concentration, but rather that their rates of formation are balanced.

Dynamic Nature of Equilibrium

Equilibrium is dynamic, meaning that both the forward and reverse reactions continue to occur, but at equal rates. This ongoing process allows the system to maintain constant concentrations of reactants and products, despite the reactions still taking place.

Reaction Rates

The rates of a chemical reaction refer to the speed at which reactants are converted into products. At equilibrium, the rate of the forward reaction equals the rate of the reverse reaction, leading to no net change in the concentrations of the substances involved.

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Related Practice

Multiple Choice

What do the sign and magnitude of the ΔG of a reaction tell us about the speed of the reaction? and

A chemical reaction is designated as exergonic rather than endergonic when __________. and

Which of the following correctly describe an exergonic reaction? Select True or False for each statement.T/F The products have lower Gibbs free energy than the reactants.T/F Activation energy is required for the reaction to proceed.T/F The products always have lower entropy than the reactants.T/F The reaction always occurs quickly.

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Textbook Question

What factors determine whether a chemical reaction is spontaneous or not?

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Textbook Question

Using what you have learned about changes in Gibbs free energy, would you predict the ∆G value of catabolic reactions to be positive or negative? What about anabolic reactions? Justify your answers using the terms 'enthalpy' and 'entropy.'

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Textbook Question

Describe what takes place during a chemical reaction.

Which of the following would not result in an increase in reaction rate?

a. Increase in temperature

b. Particles in the solid phase

c. Presence of a catalyst

d. Smaller particle size

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Textbook Question

The following equation, which represents the oxidative breakdown of glucose by body cells, is a reversible reaction. Glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water + ATP

How can you indicate that the reaction is reversible?

How can you indicate that the reaction is in chemical equilibrium?

Define chemical equilibrium

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