Textbook Question
Oxidative phosphorylation involves the flow of both electrons and H+. Explain the roles of these movements in the synthesis of ATP.
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3. Energy & Cell Processes
Types of Phosphorylation
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Activation of which of the following molecules generally requires protein phosphorylation?
A
Lipids
B
Enzymes
C
Carbohydrates
D
Nucleic acids
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the concept of protein phosphorylation: Protein phosphorylation is a biochemical process that involves the addition of a phosphate group to a protein molecule, typically catalyzed by enzymes known as kinases.
Recognize the role of enzymes in phosphorylation: Enzymes, particularly kinases, are responsible for transferring phosphate groups from ATP (adenosine triphosphate) to specific amino acids in proteins, which can activate or deactivate the protein's function.
Identify the types of molecules that undergo phosphorylation: While lipids, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids can be modified by phosphorylation, enzymes are the primary molecules that require phosphorylation for activation.
Consider the biological significance of enzyme activation: Phosphorylation can alter the enzyme's shape, charge, and activity, enabling it to perform its specific biological function, such as catalyzing reactions or signaling within cells.
Conclude that enzymes are the molecules generally requiring phosphorylation for activation, as this process is crucial for regulating their activity and function in various cellular processes.
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