Table of contents

1. Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology5h 43m
2. Cell Chemistry & Cell Components12h 36m
3. Energy & Cell Processes10h 6m
4. Tissues & Histology10h 3m
5. Integumentary System2h 20m
6. Bones & Skeletal Tissue2h 16m
7. The Skeletal System2h 35m
8. Joints2h 17m
9. Muscle Tissue2h 33m
10. Muscles1h 11m
11. Nervous Tissue and Nervous System1h 35m
12. The Central Nervous System1h 6m
- Introduction to the Central Nervous System
  18m
- The Cerebrum
  48m
13. The Peripheral Nervous System1h 26m
14. The Autonomic Nervous System1h 38m
15. The Special Senses2h 41m
16. The Endocrine System2h 48m
17. The Blood3h 22m
18. The Heart3h 42m
19. The Blood Vessels3h 35m
20. The Lymphatic System3h 16m
21. The Immune System14h 37m
22. The Respiratory System3h 20m
23. The Digestive System2h 5m
24. Metabolism and Nutrition4h 0m
25. The Urinary System2h 39m
26. Fluid and Electrolyte Balance, Acid Base Balance37m
27. The Reproductive System2h 5m
28. Human Development1h 21m
29. Heredity3h 32m

5. Integumentary System

The Dermis

Anatomy & Physiology

5. Integumentary System

The Dermis

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Problem 2

Textbook Question

Which of the following correctly describes the structure of the skin?
a. It consists of the superficial epidermis, middle dermis, and deep hypodermis.
b. It consists of the superficial epidermis and deep dermis.
c. It consists of the superficial dermis and deep epidermis.
d. It consists of the superficial dermis and deep hypodermis.

Verified step by step guidance

Understand the basic structure of the skin, which is composed of three main layers: the epidermis (outermost layer), the dermis (middle layer), and the hypodermis (deepest layer, also known as the subcutaneous tissue).

Recognize that the epidermis is the superficial layer of the skin, primarily made up of keratinized stratified squamous epithelium, providing a protective barrier.

Identify the dermis as the middle layer, which contains connective tissue, blood vessels, nerve endings, sweat glands, and hair follicles. It supports the epidermis and provides elasticity and strength.

Note that the hypodermis is not technically part of the skin but lies beneath the dermis. It consists of adipose tissue and connective tissue, providing insulation and cushioning.

Review the options provided in the question and eliminate incorrect descriptions based on the anatomical structure of the skin. The correct answer should describe the skin as consisting of the superficial epidermis and deep dermis, without including the hypodermis as part of the skin.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Epidermis

The epidermis is the outermost layer of the skin, primarily composed of keratinized stratified squamous epithelium. It serves as a protective barrier against environmental hazards, pathogens, and water loss. The epidermis contains various cell types, including keratinocytes, melanocytes, and Langerhans cells, which contribute to skin color and immune response.

Dermis

The dermis lies beneath the epidermis and is much thicker, consisting of connective tissue that provides strength and elasticity to the skin. It contains blood vessels, nerve endings, hair follicles, and glands (such as sweat and sebaceous glands). The dermis is divided into two layers: the papillary dermis, which is more superficial, and the reticular dermis, which is deeper and denser.

Hypodermis

The hypodermis, also known as the subcutaneous layer, is the deepest layer of the skin, primarily composed of loose connective tissue and fat. It serves as an insulator, helps to anchor the skin to underlying structures, and provides cushioning against external forces. The hypodermis plays a crucial role in energy storage and thermoregulation.

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