Table of contents

1. Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology5h 43m
2. Cell Chemistry & Cell Components12h 36m
3. Energy & Cell Processes10h 6m
4. Tissues & Histology10h 3m
5. Integumentary System2h 20m
6. Bones & Skeletal Tissue2h 16m
7. The Skeletal System2h 35m
8. Joints2h 17m
9. Muscle Tissue2h 33m
10. Muscles1h 11m
11. Nervous Tissue and Nervous System1h 35m
12. The Central Nervous System1h 6m
- Introduction to the Central Nervous System
  18m
- The Cerebrum
  48m
13. The Peripheral Nervous System1h 26m
14. The Autonomic Nervous System1h 38m
15. The Special Senses2h 41m
16. The Endocrine System2h 48m
17. The Blood3h 22m
18. The Heart3h 42m
19. The Blood Vessels3h 35m
20. The Lymphatic System3h 16m
21. The Immune System14h 37m
22. The Respiratory System3h 20m
23. The Digestive System2h 5m
24. Metabolism and Nutrition4h 0m
25. The Urinary System2h 39m
26. Fluid and Electrolyte Balance, Acid Base Balance37m
27. The Reproductive System2h 5m
28. Human Development1h 21m
29. Heredity3h 32m

5. Integumentary System

Integumentary System: Thermoregulation

Anatomy & Physiology

5. Integumentary System

Integumentary System: Thermoregulation

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Multiple Choice

What happens when the arrector pili muscles contract in the skin?

Sweat glands secrete more sweat

Blood vessels in the dermis dilate

Hair stands upright, causing 'goosebumps'

Sebaceous glands decrease oil production

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Verified step by step guidance

Understand the role of arrector pili muscles: These are small, smooth muscles attached to hair follicles in the dermis layer of the skin. Their contraction is involuntary and typically occurs in response to cold temperatures or emotional stimuli.

Learn the physiological effect of contraction: When the arrector pili muscles contract, they pull the hair follicle upright, causing the hair to stand on end. This phenomenon is commonly referred to as 'goosebumps.'

Recognize the evolutionary purpose: In animals, this response helps trap air close to the skin for insulation. In humans, it is a vestigial reflex with limited functional significance.

Clarify the incorrect options: The contraction of arrector pili muscles does not directly affect sweat gland secretion, blood vessel dilation, or sebaceous gland oil production. These processes are regulated by other mechanisms such as autonomic nervous system control and hormonal influences.

Connect the correct answer to the physiological response: The correct answer, 'Hair stands upright, causing goosebumps,' directly describes the observable effect of arrector pili muscle contraction in the skin.